git - 如何添加被 git ignore 规则忽略的文件

Question

在我的 .gitignore 中，我有:

*.framework
*.a

但是，我在各种项目中使用符号链接(symbolic link)，并且由于符号链接(symbolic link)和 .a 或 .framework，我似乎无法将它们 checkin Git .

是否有我遗漏的命令或变通办法？我想 checkin 符号链接(symbolic link)，这样我就不必每次都创建它们。如果需要，我总是可以编写一个 bash 脚本来制作这些。

Answer 1

Git 只使用路径来确定它是否应该忽略文件 - 所以如果有可能派生出一种模式，只捕获你不想要的文件并排除所有你想要的文件 - 就是这样去。

但是，请记住 git ignore 规则并不是一成不变的； 总是可以添加文件，您只需要使用--force 标志:

$ cat .gitignore 
*.a
$ git status --ignored
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#   .gitignore
# Ignored files:
#   (use "git add -f <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#   bar.a
#   foo.a
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$ git add foo.a
The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:
foo.a
Use -f if you really want to add them.
fatal: no files added
$

在这种情况下，似乎经常被遗漏的是帮助输出中的这一行:

Use -f if you really want to add them.

使用强制选项，添加被忽略的文件:

$ git add -f foo.a
$ git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#   new file:   foo.a
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#   .gitignore
$  git status --ignored
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#   new file:   foo.a
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#   .gitignore
# Ignored files:
#   (use "git add -f <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#   bar.a
$