git - Bash:如何捕获 git 命令失败？

Question

我有一个命令:

...
{
    git filter-branch -f --env-filter "$ENVFILTER" >/dev/null
    echo "Git updated. Run 'git push -f BRANCH_NAME' to push your changes."
} || {
    echo "Git failed. Please make sure you run this on a clean working directory." // this doesn't ever get called
}

快乐路径有效，但它看起来不像 || 曾经被执行过。这是失败的样子:

[~/Documents/my-repo]$ my-custom-command                                                                           
WARNING: Ref 'refs/heads/master' is unchanged
Git updated. Run 'git push -f BRANCH_NAME' to push your changes.
[

有没有办法捕获该错误？我不介意，即使它只是匹配 WARNING: Ref 'refs/heads/master' is unchanged string that gets printed out (我想顺便 stash 一下)

Answer 1

git 之后的echo 命令无论如何都会被执行，这是第一个问题。第二个问题是这个 echo 命令更新错误代码:第一个错误代码被覆盖。

我建议采用“经典”方法(可能有点过时，我是用 ksh 长大的):

git filter-branch -f --env-filter "$ENVFILTER" >/dev/null
if [ $? = 0 ] ; then
    echo "Git updated. Run 'git push -f BRANCH_NAME' to push your changes."
else
    echo "Git failed. Please make sure you run this on a clean working directory."
fi

稍微偏离主题:MS-DOS/Windows 用户会对此感到惊讶，因为在 Windows 中，echo 不会更改 ERRORLEVEL