css - 在任何非白色背景上将文本颜色更改为白色

Question

使用 mix-blend-mode: difference 可以在背景颜色为黑色时将文本颜色更改为白色效果很好。将鼠标移到文字上看效果:

const blackBox = document.querySelector(".black-box");
window.addEventListener('mousemove', function(event) {
  blackBox.style.left = `${event.pageX - 50}px`;
  blackBox.style.top = `${event.pageY - 50}px`;
});

.wrapper {
  background-color: white;
}
h1 {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  color: white;
  mix-blend-mode: difference;
}

.black-box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  background-color: black;
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <h1>Lorem Ipsum</h1>
</div>
<div class="black-box"></div>

如果背景不是黑色，这不会导致白色文本，这是可以理解的:

const box = document.querySelector(".box");
window.addEventListener('mousemove', function(event) {
  box.style.left = `${event.pageX - 50}px`;
  box.style.top = `${event.pageY - 50}px`;
});

.wrapper {
  background-color: white;
}
h1 {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  color: white;
  mix-blend-mode: difference;
}

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: url("https://placekitten.com/100/100")
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <h1>Lorem Ipsum</h1>
</div>
<div class="box"></div>

有什么方法可以让文本在背景与白色不同时立即从黑色变为白色？

Answer 1

这是一个依赖背景着色而不是 mix-blend-mode 的想法。诀窍是使用与您以相同方式移动的图像具有相同尺寸的渐变来模拟混合模式:

const box = document.querySelector(".box");
const h1 = document.querySelector("h1");
window.addEventListener('mousemove', function(event) {
  box.style.left = `${event.pageX - 50}px`;
  box.style.top = `${event.pageY - 50}px`;
  
  h1.style.backgroundPosition = `${event.pageX - 50}px ${event.pageY - 50}px`;
});

.wrapper {
  background-color: white;
}
h1 {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  color: white;
  background: 
    /*gradient                   position   /    size  */
    linear-gradient(#fff,#fff) -100px -100px/100px 100px fixed no-repeat,
    #000;
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  color: transparent;
}

.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  background-image: url("https://placekitten.com/100/100")
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <h1>Lorem Ipsum</h1>
</div>
<div class="box"></div>

我考虑过 background-attachment:fixed 相对于视口(viewport)放置渐变，因为你的元素是 position:absolute 没有定位祖先，所以它也相对于视口(viewport)。