python - 在 Linux 中使用 ACS ACR1252U USB NFC 读卡器

Question

我正在使用通过 USB 连接的 ACS ACR1252U 读卡器 ( http://www.acs.com.hk/en/products/342/acr1252u-usb-nfc-reader-iii-nfc-forum-certified-reader/ )，老实说，我不知道如何让它工作。我用谷歌搜索了很多东西，但没有运气。我正在使用 Debian 的变体。以下或多或少是我所做的:

我使用 dmesg 得到以下信息:

[ 7173.059710] usb 1-1.3: new full-speed USB device number 6 using dwc_otg
[ 7173.160500] usb 1-1.3: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[ 7173.163114] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=072f, idProduct=223b
[ 7173.163147] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 7173.163168] usb 1-1.3: Product: ACR1252 Dual Reader
[ 7173.163186] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: ACS

我使用以下 Python 代码获取有关设备的更多详细信息:

#!/usr/bin/python

import sys
import usb.core

# find USB devices
dev = usb.core.find(find_all=True)


# loop through devices, printing vendor and product ids in decimal and hex
for cfg in dev:
    print cfg
    sys.stdout.write('Decimal VendorID=' + str(cfg.idVendor) + ' & ProductID=' + str(cfg.idProduct) + '\n')
    sys.stdout.write('Hexadecimal VendorID=' + hex(cfg.idVendor) + ' & ProductID=' + hex(cfg.idProduct) + '\n\n')

这个特定设备的输出是:

DEVICE ID 072f:223b on Bus 001 Address 004 =================
 bLength                :   0x12 (18 bytes)
 bDescriptorType        :    0x1 Device
 bcdUSB                 :  0x200 USB 2.0
 bDeviceClass           :    0x0 Specified at interface
 bDeviceSubClass        :    0x0
 bDeviceProtocol        :    0x0
 bMaxPacketSize0        :   0x40 (64 bytes)
 idVendor               : 0x072f
 idProduct              : 0x223b
 bcdDevice              :  0x100 Device 1.0
 iManufacturer          :    0x1 ACS
 iProduct               :    0x2 ACR1252 Dual Reader
 iSerialNumber          :    0x0 
 bNumConfigurations     :    0x1
  CONFIGURATION 1: 200 mA ==================================
   bLength              :    0x9 (9 bytes)
   bDescriptorType      :    0x2 Configuration
   wTotalLength         :   0xb1 (177 bytes)
   bNumInterfaces       :    0x2
   bConfigurationValue  :    0x1
   iConfiguration       :    0x0 
   bmAttributes         :   0x80 Bus Powered
   bMaxPower            :   0x64 (200 mA)
    INTERFACE 0: Smart Card ================================
     bLength            :    0x9 (9 bytes)
     bDescriptorType    :    0x4 Interface
     bInterfaceNumber   :    0x0
     bAlternateSetting  :    0x0
     bNumEndpoints      :    0x3
     bInterfaceClass    :    0xb Smart Card
     bInterfaceSubClass :    0x0
     bInterfaceProtocol :    0x0
     iInterface         :    0x4 ACR1252 Dual Reader PICC
      ENDPOINT 0x1: Bulk OUT ===============================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :    0x1 OUT
       bmAttributes     :    0x2 Bulk
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0x0
      ENDPOINT 0x81: Bulk IN ===============================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :   0x81 IN
       bmAttributes     :    0x2 Bulk
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0x0
      ENDPOINT 0x84: Interrupt IN ==========================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :   0x84 IN
       bmAttributes     :    0x3 Interrupt
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0xa
    INTERFACE 1: Smart Card ================================
     bLength            :    0x9 (9 bytes)
     bDescriptorType    :    0x4 Interface
     bInterfaceNumber   :    0x1
     bAlternateSetting  :    0x0
     bNumEndpoints      :    0x3
     bInterfaceClass    :    0xb Smart Card
     bInterfaceSubClass :    0x0
     bInterfaceProtocol :    0x0
     iInterface         :    0x5 ACR1252 Dual Reader SAM
      ENDPOINT 0x2: Bulk OUT ===============================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :    0x2 OUT
       bmAttributes     :    0x2 Bulk
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0x0
      ENDPOINT 0x82: Bulk IN ===============================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :   0x82 IN
       bmAttributes     :    0x2 Bulk
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0x0
      ENDPOINT 0x83: Interrupt IN ==========================
       bLength          :    0x7 (7 bytes)
       bDescriptorType  :    0x5 Endpoint
       bEndpointAddress :   0x83 IN
       bmAttributes     :    0x3 Interrupt
       wMaxPacketSize   :   0x40 (64 bytes)
       bInterval        :    0xa
Decimal VendorID=1839 & ProductID=8763
Hexadecimal VendorID=0x72f & ProductID=0x223b

我安装了 PyUSB 并且我能够使用一些示例代码检测设备，但是当它靠近时读取 NFC 卡没有什么比这更好的了(尽管有哔哔声，这让我相信 USB 设备本身工作正常)。

我还安装了 libacsccid1 包，它说它支持这个设备 https://github.com/acshk/acsccid , 但我不知道如何使用它。

除此之外，我不知道还能做什么。任何帮助将不胜感激。我的项目的目标是根据检测到的 NFC 标签的值来控制 GPIO 输出。

--- 更新 ---

我做了更多的工作，虽然我仍然无法让它工作，但我有更多的数据。具体来说，我正在解决这个问题:http://www.digitalmihailo.com/usb-programming-with-python-on-linux-pyusb-version/

从数据表中我可以确认它是 USB 2.0 全速设备:

为了测试，我只想让蜂鸣器发出声音。以下是此功能的设备 API 文档的屏幕截图:

因此，http://www.digitalmihailo.com/usb-programming-with-python-on-linux-pyusb-version/ 的简化版本对于我的设备将是:

#!/usr/bin/python

import os
import sys
import time

import usb.core
import usb.util


# According to what I've read, full speed USB is 64 byte packet size.
packet_len = 64

# Packing a request.
# Packets are 64 bytes long, most of the commands are 4 bytes long. So up to 18
# can be batched into a packet. For example command with bytes [0x94, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0] is getting firmware id
def pack_request(*arguments):
    packet = [0x0] * packet_len
    i = 0
    for arg in arguments:
        packet[i] = arg
        i += 1
    #packet[0:4] = [0x94, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0] #get firmware id
    return ''.join([chr(c) for c in packet])


def main():
    #Updated for the ACS ACR1252U
    dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=0x72f, idProduct=0x223b)

    # was it found?
    if dev is None:
        raise ValueError('Device not found')

    try:
        dev.detach_kernel_driver(0)
    except: # this usually mean that kernel driver has already been dettached
        pass

    # ACS ACR1252U only has 1 configuration
    dev.set_configuration()

    # Interface 0: Dual Reader PICC. This is what we want
    # Interface 1: Dual Reader SAM
    try:
        dev.set_interface_altsetting(0)
    except usb.core.USBError:
        print 'Error setting interface!'
        pass

    # According to the API, to sound the buzzer we must send:
    #
    # Class: 0xe0
    # INS: 0x00
    # P1: 0x00
    # P2: 0x28
    # Lc: 0x01
    # DataIn (duration): 0xff (for 255 * 10ms = 2.55 seconds)
    raw = pack_request(0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x01, 0xff)

    #send the packet
    # Params are (endpoint, data, timeout)
    #
    # According to the script output:
    # ENDPOINT 0x01: Bulk OUT
    dev.write(endpoint=0x01, data=raw)
    #done


if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

当我运行此程序时，什么也没有发生……没有蜂鸣器，没有错误消息。这里可能出了什么问题？

谢谢!

Answer 1

出于好奇，我打开了 Info.plist(在 /usr/lib/pcsc/drivers/ifd-acsccid.bundle/Contents/ 中)，发现我的设备没有列出。

所以我继续将我的信息添加到 ifdVendorID (0x072F)、ifdProductID (0x223B) 和 ifdFriendlyName(ACS ACR1252U 双 PICC-SAM 读卡器)数组中，然后运行 ​​pcscd -fd。

仅在这一步之后，pcsc_scan 才真正检测到我的设备，其他一切或多或少开始工作。最后，我没有直接使用 USB，而是使用了 pyscard ( http://pyscard.sourceforge.net/) 库。

这让蜂鸣器工作:

def sound_buzzer(reps):

    #NOTE: This function only works if a card is present!

    try:
        hresult, hcontext = SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_USER)
        assert hresult == SCARD_S_SUCCESS

        hresult, readers = SCardListReaders(hcontext, [])

        assert len(readers) > 0

        reader = readers[0]

        hresult, hcard, dwActiveProtocol = SCardConnect(hcontext, reader, SCARD_SHARE_SHARED, SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1)

        while reps > 0:

            buzzer = [0xE0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x01, 0x0F] # 0x0F = 15 * 10ms
            hresult, response = SCardControl(hcard, SCARD_CTL_CODE(3500), buzzer)
            sleep(0.15)
            reps = reps - 1

    except Exception, e:
        #print 'Exception: '+ str(e)
        pass

    return