c - 简单字符驱动崩溃

Question

我正在制作一个简单的简单字符驱动程序，它应该写入我的字符设备“/dev/coffee_bean”，当从中读取时，它应该显示字符串“Hi There!”在控制台中。我通过“cat/dev/coffee_bean”从设备读取，而不是我的系统崩溃并重置。下面是我的源代码。感谢您的帮助。

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/semaphore.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");

#define DEVICE_NAME "coffee_grinds"
#define COUNT 4
#define FIRST_MINOR 0
#define CONST_QUANTUM 4000
#define CONST_QSET 4000

int test;

module_param(test, int, S_IRUGO);

struct my_char_structure{
    struct cdev my_cdev;
    struct semaphore sem;
    unsigned int access_key;
    unsigned long size;
};

static dev_t dev_num;

int dev_open(struct inode *in_node, struct file *filp){
    struct my_char_structure *my_dev;

    my_dev = container_of(in_node->i_cdev, struct my_char_structure, my_cdev);
    filp->private_data = my_dev;
    return 0;
}

int dev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp){
    return 0;
}

ssize_t dev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp){
    struct my_char_structure *my_dev = filp->private_data;
    ssize_t retval = -ENOMEM; /* value used in "goto out" statements */
    char *my_string;
    int counting;
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Write was accessed, Lol");
    if (down_interruptible(&my_dev->sem))
        return -ERESTARTSYS;
    my_string = kmalloc(count,GFP_KERNEL);
    counting = copy_from_user(my_string,buff,count);
    printk(KERN_ALERT "You wrote %s",my_string);
    kfree(my_string);
    up(&my_dev->sem);

    printk(KERN_ALERT "We wrote %d bytes",counting);
        return retval;
    // Here is some experimental code
}

    ssize_t dev_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp){
        struct my_char_structure *my_dev = filp->private_data;
        ssize_t retval = 0;
        char *my_string;

        printk(KERN_ALERT "Read was accessed Lol");

        if (down_interruptible(&my_dev->sem))
            return -ERESTARTSYS;
        my_string = "Hi there!";
        copy_to_user(buff,my_string,10);
        up(&my_dev->sem);
        return retval;

    }

struct file_operations fops = {
    .owner  = THIS_MODULE,
    .read   = dev_read,
    .write  = dev_write,
    .open   = dev_open,
    .release= dev_release,
};

int start_mod(void){
    //Because we are dealing with a fictitious device, I want
    //the driver to create my two devices with arbitrarly 
    //assigned major numbers.
    static struct my_char_structure Dev;
    static struct my_char_structure *my_dev = &Dev;
    int err;

    alloc_chrdev_region(&dev_num, FIRST_MINOR, COUNT, DEVICE_NAME);

    sema_init(&(my_dev->sem),1);

    cdev_init(&(my_dev->my_cdev), &fops);
    my_dev->my_cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
    my_dev->my_cdev.ops = &fops;// fops is my file operations struct

    err = cdev_add(&my_dev->my_cdev, dev_num, COUNT);
    if(err)
        printk(KERN_ALERT "There was an error %d.",err);
    printk(KERN_ALERT " insmod to major number %d",MAJOR(dev_num));

    return 0;   
}

void end_mod(void){

    unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, COUNT);

}

module_init(start_mod);
module_exit(end_mod);

Answer 1

在到达 dev_read 之前，事情可能会出错。您是否在控制台上看到了您的 KERN_ALERT 消息？

显然，这并不是您的源代码的全部内容，因为模块已初始化，字符设备已注册，并且还有其他功能，例如 open 例程。是什么让您认为错误存在于 dev_read 只是因为从设备读取会导致机器崩溃？

sizeof(my_string) 是 sizeof(char *)，它是 4 或 8。您正在获取指针的大小。如果您使用的是 64 位内核，那么当您将此调试得足够好以达到那种程度时，您最多只会得到没有 ! 的 Hi there。 :)

即很明显，您可能会受益于 C 基础知识的教程，例如数组和指针之间的区别。