python - pyinotify 疑似线程问题

Question

我一直在使用 pyinotify，我遇到了一些问题，在对文件夹进行多次更改后，它只是停止接收通知。我觉得这与两个线程正在运行有关；即通知线程和wxpython线程。

该应用程序的目的基本上是在检测到 ip 连接时将图片加载到屏幕上，监控文件夹中的“ list ”文件，并根据该文件进行一些处理，即移动文件。

它间歇性地工作，但作为一个 python 新手，我不确定问题可能是什么，因为我基本上采用了线程示例并解决了它。有时，它只收到一个通知并停止接收文件更改通知。

此外，如果我重新启动 linux box 并重试，它可以处理大量文件更改，然后再次停止接收通知，这让我觉得它可能没有正确发布 watch ？

我们将不胜感激任何帮助，也非常欢迎进行优化和改进。我确信我可以从反馈中学到很多东西。代码如下

import pyinotify
import os.path
import shutil
import errno
import subprocess
import logging
import wx
import time
import signal
import sys

#update CHECKLIST name
CHECKLIST = 'Checklist' #this must exist in the update archive

#static values
DIR_UPDATE = 'd'
FILE_UPDATE = 'f'
PING_IP = ' localhost' # change in production

#paths
WATCH_PATH = '/home/test'
LOG_PATH = '/home/test/update.log'
CONNECTED_IMG = 'update.jpg'
UPDATING_IMG = 'updating.png'

#msgs
UPDATEFOUND_MSG = ' Update Found '
UPDATEUNZIPPEDSTART_MSG = ' Update unzipping '
UPDATEUNZIPPED_MSG = ' Update unzipped '
UPDATEFILE_MSG = ' Update file '
UPDATEFILEMSG_CONT = ' moved into path '
REMOVEFILEMSG_CONT = ' removed from update folder '
UPDATECOMPLETE_CONT = ' Update complete'
ROADANGELRESTART_MSG = ' Update restarting app '
DIRCREATED_MSG = ' Directory created at path '

#errors
UPDATEFAILED_MSG = ' Update process failed on '
BADLYFORMED_MSG = ' Badly formed src/dest combination '
UPDATESRCUNAVAILABLE = ' Invalid update file specified '
UPDATEDESTUNAVAILABLE = ' Invalid update destination specified '
INVALIDUPDATEFORMAT = ' Invalid format string '

#on startup create the watchfolder if it doesnt exist

WM = pyinotify.WatchManager() # Watch Manager
WM_MASK = pyinotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE # watched events

#setup logger
LOGGER = logging.getLogger('Updater')
LOG_HANDLE = logging.FileHandler(LOG_PATH)
FORMATTER = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
LOG_HANDLE.setFormatter(FORMATTER)
LOGGER.addHandler(LOG_HANDLE) 
LOGGER.setLevel(logging.INFO)


#Global values used primarily in the main function loop
HANDLER = None
NOTIFIER = None
WDD = None
UPDATE_UI = None
WINDOW = None
CURR_IMG = None
LAST_CURRIMG = None

class EventHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent):
    VERBOSE = False
    """ Main class to monitor file events and process accordingly"""

    def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self, event):
        """ Only executes when a Checklist has finished being written to"""
        path = event.pathname
        print 'evt'
        #look for the update_ready file before processing
        if (os.path.basename(path) == 'Checklist'):
            EventHandler.parse_updates(WATCH_PATH)

            global CURR_IMG
            CURR_IMG = os.path.join(WATCH_PATH, UPDATING_IMG)
            show_window()
            print 'update completed'
            time.sleep(1000)

    @classmethod
    def parse_updates(cls, path):
        """ parses update files """
        #handle errors for opening the file
        file_path = os.path.join(path, CHECKLIST)
        print file_path

        files = open(file_path)
        #handle errors for malformed tuples-done
        #handle errors for unavailable files-done
        #handle errors for unavailable dests-done #created automatically
        #handle permission errors

        for line in files:
            #remove linebreaks etc and ensure its not empty
            if line.strip():
                array = line.split('=')
                length = len(array)
                if length == 3:
                    EventHandler.process_line(path, array)
                else:
                    if length > 0:
                        EventHandler.print_bad_msg(array[0])
                    else:
                        EventHandler.print_bad_msg()
        print 'removing ', file_path
        os.remove(file_path) #remove the checklist file

    @classmethod
    def mkdir(cls, path):
        """ makes a directory from a path"""
        try:
            os.mkdir(path)
            print DIRCREATED_MSG, path
        except OSError, err:
            print err
            if err.errno != errno.EEXIST: #thrown when the dir already exists
                return False

    @classmethod
    def move_file(cls, src, dest):
        """ moves a file from src to dest and remove after
            expects that the dest already exists at this point
            otherwise ignores the move"""
        #print 'moving from', src, 'to ', dest
        if os.path.isfile(dest):
            shutil.copy2(src, dest)
        else:
            print UPDATEDESTUNAVAILABLE
        #remove the src file when done
        os.remove(src)

    @classmethod
    def process_line(cls, path, array):
        """ process a line from the checklist"""
        #remove newlines etc
        update_file = array[0].strip()
        update_src = os.path.join(path, update_file)
        update_dest = array[1].strip()
        update_type = array[2].strip()

        #ensure we have valid values in all three fields
        if update_file and update_dest and update_type:
            #ensure the src file exists
            if os.path.isfile(update_src):
                #check if destination is directory and
                #copy the file into the directory

                if update_type == DIR_UPDATE:
                    EventHandler.mkdir(update_dest)
                    dest = os.path.join(update_dest, update_file)
                    EventHandler.move_file(update_src, dest)
                else:
                    EventHandler.move_file(update_src, update_dest)
            else:
                print UPDATESRCUNAVAILABLE

        else:
            print INVALIDUPDATEFORMAT


    @classmethod
    def print_bad_msg(cls, msg = ''):
        """ print a badly formed message with optional value"""
        if msg:
            print BADLYFORMED_MSG, msg
        else:
            print BADLYFORMED_MSG

class UpdateFrame(wx.Frame):
    """ Displays update images to screen"""
    def __init__(self, path):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, wx.ID_ANY)

        image_file = path
        image = wx.Bitmap(image_file)
        image_size = image.GetSize()
        # set the frame size to fit the screen size
        self.SetClientSize(wx.DisplaySize())

        # bitmap's upper left corner is in frame position (x, y)
        # by default pos=(0, 0)
        wx.StaticBitmap(self, wx.ID_ANY, image, size = image_size)

        # the parent is the frame
        self.SetTitle('Update Mode')

def ping_ip():
    """ ping once to establish connection """
    ret = subprocess.call("ping -c 1 %s" % PING_IP,
            shell=True,
            stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'),
            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
    if ret == 0:
        return True
    else:
        return False

def show_window():
    """ update screen window when currimage changes is set """ 
    global UPDATE_UI
    global WINDOW
    global CURR_IMG
    global LAST_CURRIMG

    if LAST_CURRIMG != CURR_IMG:
        if not UPDATE_UI:
            UPDATE_UI = wx.App()

        if not WINDOW:
            WINDOW = UpdateFrame(CURR_IMG)

        UPDATE_UI.ExitMainLoop()

        while(UPDATE_UI.IsMainLoopRunning()):
            pass

        WINDOW.Destroy()

        WINDOW = UpdateFrame(CURR_IMG)
        WINDOW.Show(True)

        UPDATE_UI.MainLoop()
        LAST_CURRIMG = CURR_IMG
        print 'changed'

def in_updatemode():
    return ping_ip()

while True:
    try:
        if not in_updatemode():
            print 'waiting for connect'
            time.sleep(3)

            if  NOTIFIER:
                NOTIFIER.stop()

        else:
            if not HANDLER:
                HANDLER = EventHandler()

            if not NOTIFIER:
                NOTIFIER = pyinotify.ThreadedNotifier(WM, HANDLER)
                NOTIFIER.start()

            if not WDD:
                WDD = WM.add_watch(WATCH_PATH, WM_MASK, rec=True,quiet=False)

            # ip is active so show the image and start the notifier
            # state = ip active 
            CURR_IMG = os.path.join(WATCH_PATH, CONNECTED_IMG)
            show_window()
            print 'here'
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print 'out'
        NOTIFIER.stop()
        break

Answer 1

我基本上发现问题确实在于 pyinotify 的线程通知程序和 wxPython 的主循环不能很好地协同工作。

解决方案是创建一个自定义主循环(我一开始不知道您可以这样做)并将 pyinotify 的线程通知程序放置在该循环中。这样它就作为 wxPython 主循环的一部分运行。

我的想法来自 http://www.java2s.com/Open-Source/Python/GUI/wxPython/wxPython-src-2.8.11.0/wxPython/samples/mainloop/mainloop.py.htm

下面的代码解释了这个概念

class CustomApp(wx.App):
    def MainLoop(self):
        global HANDLER
        global WM
        global NOTIFIER
        global WDD
        global UPDATE_UI
        global PING_TIMER

        # Create an event loop and make it active.  If you are
        # only going to temporarily have a nested event loop then
        # you should get a reference to the old one and set it as
        # the active event loop when you are done with this one...
        evtloop = wx.EventLoop()
        old = wx.EventLoop.GetActive()
        wx.EventLoop.SetActive(evtloop)

        # This outer loop determines when to exit the application,
        # for this example we let the main frame reset this flag
        # when it closes.
        while self.keepGoing:
            # At this point in the outer loop you could do
            # whatever you implemented your own MainLoop for.  It
            # should be quick and non-blocking, otherwise your GUI
            # will freeze.  

            # call_your_code_here()
            if not HANDLER:
                HANDLER = EventHandler()

            if not WM:
                WM = pyinotify.WatchManager() # Watch Manager

            if not NOTIFIER:
                NOTIFIER = pyinotify.ThreadedNotifier(WM, HANDLER)
                NOTIFIER.start()
                print 'notifier started'

            if not WDD:
                WDD = WM.add_watch(WATCH_PATH, WM_MASK, rec=True,quiet=False)

            # This inner loop will process any GUI events
            # until there are no more waiting.
            while evtloop.Pending():
                evtloop.Dispatch()

            # Send idle events to idle handlers.  You may want to
            # throttle this back a bit somehow so there is not too
            # much CPU time spent in the idle handlers.  For this
            # example, I'll just snooze a little...
            time.sleep(0.10)
            self.ProcessIdle()


        wx.EventLoop.SetActive(old)



    def OnInit(self):
        global UPDATE_UI
        if not UPDATE_UI:
            UPDATE_UI = Updater()
            UPDATE_UI.Show()
            self.SetTopWindow(UPDATE_UI)

        self.keepGoing = True
        return True

"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
Watcher()
app = CustomApp(False)

另外，我想在程序中捕获 SIGINT，我使用这个 url 中的方法解决了它 http://code.activestate.com/recipes/496735-workaround-for-missed-sigint-in-multithreaded-prog/

希望这对另一个 python 新手或老手有帮助:)