c# - 如何使用 .Net Core 在 Linux 上从同一网络的远程计算机获取 mac 地址

Question

只要“服务器”或应用程序在 Windows 和 .NET Framework 中运行，我已经拥有可以识别网络中设备 Mac 地址的工具。
我正在使用:

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Tools
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Ferramentas para rede local
    /// </summary>
    public static class NET
    {
        private static string _erro;
        public static string ErrorMessage { get { return _erro; } }
        [DllImport("iphlpapi.dll", ExactSpelling = true)]
        public static extern int SendARP(int DestIP, int SrcIP, byte[] pMacAddr, ref uint PhyAddrLen);
        /// <summary>
        /// Recupera o MAC Address de um equipamento na rede local baseado em seu IP
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip">IP em formato string (Ex: 192.168.0.10)</param>
        /// <returns>String com o MAC Address no formato XX-XX-XX-XX-XX</returns>
        public static string TryGetMacAddress(string ip)
        {
            try
            {
                IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse(ip);
                byte[] macAddr = new byte[6];
                uint macAddrLen = (uint)macAddr.Length;
                if (SendARP((int)IP.Address, 0, macAddr, ref macAddrLen) != 0)
                {
                    _erro = "Não foi possível executar comando ARP";
                    return String.Empty;
                }
                string[] str = new string[(int)macAddrLen];
                for (int i = 0; i < macAddrLen; i++)
                    str[i] = macAddr[i].ToString("x2");
                return string.Join("-", str);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                _erro = e.Message;
            }
            return String.Empty;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Dado um ip que pertença ao equipamento, o MAC Address será dado 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip">IP que pertença ao equipamento</param>
        /// <returns>string com os bytes separados por hífen</returns>
        public static string GetMyMacAddress(string ip)
        {
            NetworkInterface[] nics = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces();
            foreach (NetworkInterface adapter in nics)
            {
                foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation unip in adapter.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses)
                {
                    if (unip.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
                    {
                        if (unip.Address.ToString() == ip)
                        {
                            PhysicalAddress address = adapter.GetPhysicalAddress();
                            return BitConverter.ToString(address.GetAddressBytes());
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

从机器本身获取 Mac-Address 的方法是使用 NetworkInterface .NET 类(在 GetMyMacAddress(string ip) 方法中使用)。要尝试从本地网络上的另一台设备获取 Mac-Address 是使用 arp 命令。
要在 Windows 中调用它，我必须导入系统 dll:[DllImport ("iphlpapi.dll", ExactSpelling = true)]
它引用:public static external int SendARP(int DestIP, int SrcIP, byte [] pMacAddr, ref uint PhyAddrLen);
并在这里使用它:SendARP ((int) IP.Address, 0, macAddr, ref macAddrLen)

当我移植 .NET Core 应用程序以在 Linux 上的 Raspberry PI 3 上运行时，我想知道如何在 Linux 上执行相同的过程(这是在该系统上执行此操作的正确方法吗？)。

NetworkInterface 类也存在于 .NET Core 中，位于 System.Net.NetworkInformation 命名空间下。

但是我如何从另一台机器的 IP 获取 Mac 地址(在具有 .NET Core 的 Linux 上)？

Answer 1

基于 https://pt.stackoverflow.com/a/250164/48585 ，我写了这个助手:

using System.Diagnostics;    
///FOR LINUX
        public static string Bash(string cmd)
        {
            var escapedArgs = cmd.Replace("\"", "\\\"");

            var process = new Process()
            {
                StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
                {
                    FileName = "/bin/bash",
                    Arguments = $"-c \"{escapedArgs}\"",
                    RedirectStandardOutput = true,
                    UseShellExecute = false,
                    CreateNoWindow = true,
                }
            };
            process.Start();
            string result = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
            process.WaitForExit();
            return result;
        }
    ///FOR WINDOWS
    public static string CMD(string cmd)
        {
            var process = new Process()
            {
                StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
                {
                    FileName = "cmd.exe",
                    Arguments = $@"/c {cmd}",
                    RedirectStandardOutput = true,
                    UseShellExecute = false,
                    CreateNoWindow = true,
                }
            };
            process.Start();
            string result = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
            process.WaitForExit();
            return result;
        }

在询问 mac-address 之前 Ping class 进行测试

private static StringBuilder _erro = new StringBuilder();
public static string ErrorMessage { get { return _erro.ToString(); } }
public static bool Ping(string ipOrName, int timeout = 0, bool throwExceptionOnError = false)
        {
            bool p = false;
            try
            {
                using (Ping ping = new Ping()) //using System.Net.NetworkInformation; (.NET Core namespace)
                {
                    PingReply reply = null;
                    if (timeout > 0)
                        reply = ping.Send(ipOrName, timeout);
                    else
                        reply = ping.Send(ipOrName);
                    if (reply != null)
                        p = (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success);
                    //p = Convert.ToInt32(reply.RoundtripTime);
                }
            }
            catch (PingException e)
            {
                _erro.Append(e.Message);
                _erro.Append(Environment.NewLine);
                if (throwExceptionOnError) throw e;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                _erro.Append(ex.Message);
                _erro.Append(Environment.NewLine);
            }
            return p;
        }

然后，我使用这个工具:

    public static string TryGetMacAddressOnLinux(string ip)
    {
        _erro.Clear(); 
        if (!Ping(ip))
            _erro.Append("Não foi possível testar a conectividade (ping) com o ip informado.\n");
        string arp = $"arp -a {ip}";
        string retorno = Bash(arp);
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        string pattern = @"(([a-f0-9]{2}:?){6})";
        int i = 0;
        foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(retorno, pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase))
        {
            if (i > 0)
                sb.Append(";");
            sb.Append(m.ToString());
            i++;
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }

对于 Windows，只需将正则表达式模式更改为 (([a-f0-9]{2}-?){6}) 并更改 string retorno = Bash(arp); 到 string retorno = CMD(arp); 或使用有问题的方法。我正在 Raspberry Pi3 上使用它。