linux - 值错误 : Namespace Gtk not available

Question

按照说明操作时 2. Getting Started — Python GTK+ 3 Tutorial 3.4 documentation

尝试

In [6]: import gi
   ...: gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
   ...: from gi.repository import Gtk

它报告错误:

~/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gi/__init__.py in require_version(namespace, version)
    128     available_versions = repository.enumerate_versions(namespace)
    129     if not available_versions:
--> 130         raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
    131
    132     if version not in available_versions:

ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available

关注How do I Install GTK+ 3.0? - Ask Ubuntu并将 Gtk 安装到 ubuntu

sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev

但是，还是报同样的错误。

如何解决我的问题？

注意:

尝试了解决方案

me@host:~:
$ sudo apt install python3-gi gobject-introspection gir1.2-gtk-3.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
gir1.2-gtk-3.0 is already the newest version (3.24.8-1ubuntu1).
gobject-introspection is already the newest version (1.60.1-1).
python3-gi is already the newest version (3.32.0-1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
me@host:~:
$ python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Mar 27 2019, 22:11:17) 
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gi
>>> gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/me/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gi/__init__.py", line 130, in require_version
    raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available

安装其他

me@host:~:
$ sudo apt install -y gir1.2-gtk-3.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
gir1.2-gtk-3.0 is already the newest version (3.24.8-1ubuntu1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
me@host~:
$ ipython
Python 3.7.3 (default, Mar 27 2019, 22:11:17) 
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 7.4.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

In [1]:  import gi                                                                                                        

In [2]: gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')                                                                                  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-3fc173a88e42> in <module>
----> 1 gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')

~/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gi/__init__.py in require_version(namespace, version)
    128     available_versions = repository.enumerate_versions(namespace)
    129     if not available_versions:
--> 130         raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
    131 
    132     if version not in available_versions:

ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available

没成功，

我的机器:

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 19.04
Release:    19.04
Codename:   disco

我在ubuntu上安装dropbox时遇到的问题

$ dropbox start
Starting Dropbox...
The Dropbox daemon is not installed!
Run "dropbox start -i" to install the daemon

运行“dropbox start -i”

$ dropbox start -i
Starting Dropbox...Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 1443, in start
    download()
  File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 295, in download
    gi.require_version('Gdk', '3.0')
  File "/home/gaowei/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gi/__init__.py", line 130, in require_version
    raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
ValueError: Namespace Gdk not available

Answer 1

您需要安装gobject-introspection , python3-gi和 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 ，这些包包括将 GTK+ 库公开给 python3 的文件。

sudo apt install python3-gi gobject-introspection gir1.2-gtk-3.0

对于 CENTOS (7)/OpenSUSE (15.1)，您必须将 dnf 中的 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 替换为 gtk3-devel/yum/zypper 分别 - 谢谢 bgStack .

root@oz123:/home/oz123# python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Jan 14 2019, 11:02:34) 
[GCC 8.0.1 20180414 (experimental) [trunk revision 259383]] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gi
>>> gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi/__init__.py", line 130, in require_version
    raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available
>>> 
root@oz123:/home/oz123# apt install -y gir1.2-gtk-3.0
root@oz123:/home/oz123# python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Jan 14 2019, 11:02:34) 
[GCC 8.0.1 20180414 (experimental) [trunk revision 259383]] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gi
>>> gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
>>> 

边注

debian\ubuntu 中调用 xyz-dev 的软件包包含 C 头文件、pkg-config 文件和 autotools 宏。仅当您打算使用 C 和 C++ 等编译语言构建软件时才需要这些。这些都安装到:

/usr/include/../xyz/header1.h  # headers
/usr/include/../xyz/header2.h
...
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/libxyz.pc  # pkgconfig files
...
/usr/share/aclocal/xyz.m4  # autotools macros

使用 dpkg -L libgtk-3-dev 查看系统上此软件包安装的所有文件。

更新

请使用 dpkg -r dropbox 删除 dropbox，然后使用以下命令重新安装

root@yeni2:/# dpkg -i dropbox_2019.02.14_amd64.deb 
Selecting previously unselected package dropbox.
(Reading database ... 126384 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack dropbox_2019.02.14_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking dropbox (2019.02.14) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of dropbox:
 dropbox depends on libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.36.3); however:
  Package libpango1.0-0 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package dropbox (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 dropbox

现在，如果缺少依赖项，请使用以下方法修复它们:

root@yeni2:/# apt install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 45.0 kB of archives.
After this operation, 203 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
Get:1 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libpangox-1.0-0 amd64 0.0.2-5 [41.7 kB]
Get:2 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libpango1.0-0 amd64 1.40.14-1 [3,332 B]
Fetched 45.0 kB in 0s (264 kB/s)    
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package libpangox-1.0-0:amd64.
(Reading database ... 126411 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libpangox-1.0-0_0.0.2-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpangox-1.0-0:amd64 (0.0.2-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpango1.0-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libpango1.0-0_1.40.14-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpango1.0-0:amd64 (1.40.14-1) ...
Setting up libpangox-1.0-0:amd64 (0.0.2-5) ...
Setting up libpango1.0-0:amd64 (1.40.14-1) ...
Setting up dropbox (2019.02.14) ...
Please restart all running instances of Nautilus, or you will experience problems. i.e. nautilus --quit
Dropbox installation successfully completed! You can start Dropbox from your applications menu.
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...