objective-c - NSTask/NSPipe 从 Unix 命令读取

Question

我正在编写一个 Cocoa 应用程序，它需要执行一个 UNIX 程序并在生成时逐行读取其输出。我这样设置了 NSTask 和 NSPipe:

task = [[NSTask alloc] init];
pipe = [NSPipe pipe];
[task setStandardOutput:pipe];
//... later ...
[task setArguments:...];
[task setLaunchPath:@"..."];
[task launch];
handle = [[task fileHandleForReading] retain];

命令不会终止，直到程序用[task terminate] 告诉它这样做。我尝试了几种从句柄读取的方法，例如 -readInBackgroundAndNotify、while([(data = [handle availableData]) length] > 0) 和 -waitForDataInBackgroundAndNotify，但管道似乎从未产生任何数据。有什么方法可以“戳”NSTask 或 NSPipe 来刷新数据吗？

编辑:使用-readInBackgroundAndNotify:

[handle readInBackgroundAndNotify];
notification_block_t handlerBlock =
    ^(NSNotification *notification) {
         NSData *data = [[notification userInfo]
                             objectForKey: NSFileHandleNotificationDataItem];
         /*... do stuff ...*/
         [self addNotification: handle block: handlerBlock];
     };
[self addNotification: handler block: handlerBlock];
//...
- (void)addNotification:(id)handle block:(notification_block_t)block {
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]
         addObserverForName: NSFileHandleReadCompletionNotification
         object: handle
         queue: [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]
         usingBlock: block];
}

使用-waitForDataInBackgroundAndNotify:

[handle waitForDataInBackgroundAndNotify];
notification_block_t handlerBlock =
    ^(NSNotification *notification) {
        NSData *data = [handle availableData];
        /*... do stuff ...*/
    };
[self addNotification: handler block: handlerBlock];

使用 while 循环:

[self startProcessingThread: handle];
//...
- (void)startProcessingThread:(NSFileHandle *)handle {
    [[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]
         addOperation: [[[NSInvocationOperation alloc]
                             initWithTarget: self
                             selector: @selector(dataLoop:)
                             object: handle] autorelease]];
}
- (void)dataLoop:(NSFileHandle *)handle {
    NSData *data;
    while([(data = [handle availableData]) length] > 0) {
        /*... do stuff ...*/
    }
}

EDIT 2:参数设置如下(命令是tshark):

NSArray *cmd = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"-R", @"http.request", 
                                         @"-Tfields", @"-Eseparator='|'", 
                                         @"-ehttp.host", @"-ehttp.request.method", 
                                         @"-ehttp.request.uri", nil];
cmd = [[cmd arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:[self.ports map:^(id arg1, NSUInteger idx) {
           return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"-d tcp.port==%d,http", [arg1 intValue]];
       }]] 
        arrayByAddingObject:[@"dst " stringByAppendingString:
            [self.hosts componentsJoinedByString:@" or dst "]]];
[self.tsharktask setArguments:cmd];

Answer 1

这是我通常如何做的一个工作示例:

    task = [[NSTask alloc] init];
    [task setLaunchPath:...];
    NSArray *arguments;
    arguments = ...;
    [task setArguments:arguments];

    NSPipe *outPipe;
    outPipe = [NSPipe pipe];
    [task setStandardOutput:outPipe];

    outFile = [outPipe fileHandleForReading];
    [outFile waitForDataInBackgroundAndNotify];
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
                                             selector:@selector(commandNotification:)
                                                 name:NSFileHandleDataAvailableNotification 
                                               object:nil];    

    [task launch];


- (void)commandNotification:(NSNotification *)notification
{
    NSData *data = nil;
    while ((data = [self.outFile availableData]) && [data length]){
        ...
    }   
}