python - 如何使用 Django Rest Framework 将数据添加到 ManyToMany 字段？

Question

我是 DJango 的新手，我希望使用来自 rest 框架的序列化程序将数据添加到多对多字段。

我的模型:

class IngFamily(models.Model):
 name=models.CharField(max_length=30, unique=True, verbose_name='ingredient parent')

class UserProfile(models.Model):
      user=models.ForeignKey(User)
      allergies=models.ManyToManyField(IngFamily, verbose_name='allergies', null=True)

现在，我想使用其余 API 将数据添加到 UserProfile 模型。

我环顾四周，但找不到太多地方。

到目前为止我取得的成就:

序列化器:

class IngFlySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

  class Meta:
    model = IngFamily
    fields= ('name',)


class UserProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  allergies=IngFlySerializer(many=True,)
  class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields=('allergies',)

  def create(self, validated_data):

    allergies_data =validated_data.pop('allergies', [])

    #import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
    user1=UserProfile.objects.create(**validated_data)
    for allergy in allergies_data:

      al=IngFamily.objects.filter(name=allergy.get('name'))
      #al.name=allergy.get('name')
      user1.allergies.add(al)

    user1.save()
    return user1

当我尝试使用它时，“al”是空的。

查看:

class user_profile(generics.ListCreateAPIView):


  serializer_class = UserProfileSerializer
  permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)

  def get_queryset(self):
        user = self.request.user
        return UserProfile.objects.filter(user=user)

  def perform_create(self, serializer):
      #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
      serializer.save(user=self.request.user)

class UserDetail(generics.RetrieveDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = UserProfileSerializer
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)

    def get_queryset(self):
        user1 = self.request.user
        return UserProfile.objects.filter(user=user1)

我的 Post 请求看起来像这样:

{"allergies": [{"name": ["Beef"]},{"name": ["Pork"]}]}

我已经坚持了一段时间，任何帮助将不胜感激:)

Answer 1

首先是不是post请求中的数据格式不对:

它应该如下:

{"allergies": [{"name": "Beef"},{"name": "Pork"}]}

现在让我们在序列化程序中修改 def create()

 def create(self, validated_data):

    allergies_data =validated_data.pop('allergies', [])
    names = [allergy.get('name') for allergy in allergies_data if allergy]
    al = IngFamily.objects.filter(name__in=names) # using names(list) for filtering by __in

    user1 = UserProfile.objects.create(**validated_data)
    user1.allergies.add(*al) # notice there have * before "al" (as we are putting list inside add()

    # user1.save() # we don't need to call `save()` as we are updating ManyToMany field.
    return user1