database - 数据库中已经有一个名为的对象

Question

从程序包管理器控制台更新数据库失败。我使用了 Entity Framework 6.x 和代码优先方法。错误是

“数据库中已经有一个名为‘AboutUs’的对象。”

我该如何解决这个问题？

internal sealed class Configuration 
    : DbMigrationsConfiguration<Jahan.Blog.Web.Mvc.Models.JahanBlogDbContext>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
        AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = false;
    }

    protected override void Seed(Jahan.Blog.Web.Mvc.Models.JahanBlogDbContext context)
    {

    }
}

我的 DbContext 是:

public class JahanBlogDbContext : IdentityDbContext<User, Role, int, UserLogin, UserRole, UserClaim>
{
    public JahanBlogDbContext()
        : base("name=JahanBlogDbConnectionString")
    {
        Database.SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<JahanBlogDbContext>());
    }
    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();
        modelBuilder.Entity<Comment>().HasRequired(t => t.Article).WithMany(t => t.Comments).HasForeignKey(d => d.ArticleId).WillCascadeOnDelete(true);
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);

        modelBuilder.Entity<User>().ToTable("User");
        modelBuilder.Entity<Role>().ToTable("Role");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>().ToTable("UserRole");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserLogin>().ToTable("UserLogin");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserClaim>().ToTable("UserClaim");
    }

    public virtual DbSet<Article> Articles { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<ArticleLike> ArticleLikes { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<ArticleTag> ArticleTags { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<AttachmentFile> AttachmentFiles { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<Comment> Comments { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<CommentLike> CommentLikes { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<CommentReply> CommentReplies { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<ContactUs> ContactUs { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<Project> Projects { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<ProjectState> ProjectStates { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<ProjectTag> ProjectTags { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<Rating> Ratings { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
    public virtual DbSet<AboutUs> AboutUs { get; set; }
}

包管理控制台:

PM> update-database -verbose -force
Using StartUp project 'Jahan.Blog.Web.Mvc'.
Using NuGet project 'Jahan.Blog.Web.Mvc'.
Specify the '-Verbose' flag to view the SQL statements being applied to the target database.
Target database is: 'Jahan-Blog' (DataSource: (local), Provider: System.Data.SqlClient, Origin: Configuration).
No pending explicit migrations.
Applying automatic migration: 201410101740197_AutomaticMigration.
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AboutUs] (
    [Id] [int] NOT NULL IDENTITY,
    [Description] [nvarchar](max),
    [IsActive] [bit] NOT NULL,
    [CreatedDate] [datetime],
    [ModifiedDate] [datetime],
    CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AboutUs] PRIMARY KEY ([Id])
)
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): There is already an object named 'AboutUs' in the database.
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteNonQueryTds(String methodName, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, String methodName, Boolean sendToPipe, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.<NonQuery>b__0(DbCommand t, DbCommandInterceptionContext`1 c)
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher`1.Dispatch[TTarget,TInterceptionContext,TResult](TTarget target, Func`3 operation, TInterceptionContext interceptionContext, Action`3 executing, Action`3 executed)
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.NonQuery(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InterceptableDbCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteSql(DbTransaction transaction, MigrationStatement migrationStatement, DbInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorLoggingDecorator.ExecuteSql(DbTransaction transaction, MigrationStatement migrationStatement, DbInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteStatementsInternal(IEnumerable`1 migrationStatements, DbTransaction transaction, DbInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteStatementsInternal(IEnumerable`1 migrationStatements, DbConnection connection)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.<>c__DisplayClass30.<ExecuteStatements>b__2e()
   at System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.<>c__DisplayClass1.<Execute>b__0()
   at System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute[TResult](Func`1 operation)
   at System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute(Action operation)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteStatements(IEnumerable`1 migrationStatements, DbTransaction existingTransaction)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteStatements(IEnumerable`1 migrationStatements)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.ExecuteStatements(IEnumerable`1 migrationStatements)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.ExecuteOperations(String migrationId, XDocument targetModel, IEnumerable`1 operations, IEnumerable`1 systemOperations, Boolean downgrading, Boolean auto)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.AutoMigrate(String migrationId, VersionedModel sourceModel, VersionedModel targetModel, Boolean downgrading)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorLoggingDecorator.AutoMigrate(String migrationId, VersionedModel sourceModel, VersionedModel targetModel, Boolean downgrading)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorLoggingDecorator.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.UpdateInternal(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.<>c__DisplayClassc.<Update>b__b()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Update(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.Update(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.UpdateRunner.Run()
   at System.AppDomain.DoCallBack(CrossAppDomainDelegate callBackDelegate)
   at System.AppDomain.DoCallBack(CrossAppDomainDelegate callBackDelegate)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.Run(BaseRunner runner)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.Update(String targetMigration, Boolean force)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.UpdateDatabaseCommand.<>c__DisplayClass2.<.ctor>b__0()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.MigrationsDomainCommand.Execute(Action command)
ClientConnectionId:88b66414-8776-45cd-a211-e81b2711c94b
There is already an object named 'AboutUs' in the database.
PM> 

Answer 1

迁移过程似乎有问题，在“包管理器控制台”中运行 add-migration 命令:

Add-Migration Initial -IgnoreChanges

做一些更改，然后从“初始”文件更新数据库:

Update-Database -verbose

编辑:-IgnoreChanges 在 EF6 中但不在 EF Core 中，这是一个解决方法: https://stackoverflow.com/a/43687656/495455