c# - 测试我的 wcf 服务时出现错误 415

Question

我有一个具有此 OperationContract

的 Restful 服务

[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST",
  ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
  BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped,
  UriTemplate = "json")]
Response JSONData(Request request);

并且是这样配置的

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>

  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <basicHttpBinding>
        <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IService" closeTimeout="01:01:00"
          openTimeout="01:01:00" receiveTimeout="01:10:00" sendTimeout="01:01:00"
          allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false"  hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
          maxBufferSize="2147483647" maxBufferPoolSize="2147483647" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647"
          messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Streamed"
          useDefaultWebProxy="true">
          <readerQuotas maxDepth="2147483647" maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647"
            maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647" />
          <security mode="None">
            <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
              realm="" />
            <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default"/>
          </security>
        </binding>
      </basicHttpBinding>

      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="WebHttpBinding_IService" closeTimeout="01:01:00" openTimeout="01:01:00"
          receiveTimeout="01:10:00" sendTimeout="01:01:00" allowCookies="false"
          bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
          maxBufferSize="2147483647" maxBufferPoolSize="2147483647" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647"
          transferMode="Streamed" useDefaultWebProxy="true">
          <readerQuotas maxDepth="2147483647" maxStringContentLength="2147483647"
            maxArrayLength="2147483647" maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647" />
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
        <binding name="webHttpBindingXML"/>
        <binding name="webHttpBindingJSON"/>
      </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <services>
      <service name="SearchService.SearchService" behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehaviour">
        <!-- Service Endpoints -->
        <!-- Unless fully qualified, address is relative to base address supplied above -->
        <endpoint address ="" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="WebHttpBinding_IService" contract="SearchService.ISearchService" behaviorConfiguration="web">
          <!-- 
              Upon deployment, the following identity element should be removed or replaced to reflect the 
              identity under which the deployed service runs.  If removed, WCF will infer an appropriate identity 
              automatically.
          -->
        </endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServiceBehaviour">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="web">
          <webHttp/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors> 

    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

    <standardEndpoints>
      <webHttpEndpoint>
        <standardEndpoint
          automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true"
          helpEnabled="true" />
      </webHttpEndpoint>
    </standardEndpoints>
  </system.serviceModel>

 <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

请求对象是这样构成的

[DataContract]
public class Query
{
    [DataMember]
    public string name { get; set; }

    [DataMember]
    public string birthDate { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class Input
{
    [DataMember]
    public Query query { get; set; }

    [DataMember]
    public string login_username { get; set; }

    [DataMember]
    public string login_password { get; set; }
}

[DataContract]
public class Request
{
    [DataMember]
    public Input input { get; set; }
}

我创建了一个小客户端来测试这个查询，我还使用 WCFTestClient 测试了它并且工作正常。如果我尝试通过 fiddler 访问它，尽管我收到 415 Unsupported Media Type 错误。

我试过下面的方法

POST, http://localhost:8080/HostDevServer/SearchService.svc/json, HTTP/1.1

User-Agent: Fiddler
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Host: localhost:8080
Content-Length: 368

{ "input": { "login_password": "pass", "login_username": "login name", "query": { "birthDate": "", "name": "robert" } } }

我还尝试部署此服务，看看 fiddler 是否能够访问它，但事情变得更加困惑，因为现在我得到的不是 415，而是 400 提示 'Reference to an object not set to an instance of the object.' 而我创建的小型命令行客户端会提示 There was no endpoint listening at 我的服务地点。

我的问题是，是我的配置文件有问题，还是我以错误的方式编写了 fiddler 请求？如果是，我该如何解决才能正常访问我的服务？

Answer 1

我可以看到您正在使用 BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped

这意味着您需要使用 OperationContract 期望的变量名称来包装实际数据。简而言之，这应该有效

{ "response": { "input": { "login_password": "pass", "login_username": "login name", "query": { "birthDate": "", "name": "robert" } } } }

如果您想保持正文内容不变，那么我建议您使用 Bare 而不是 Wrapped 作为正文样式。