python - Django:禁止直接赋值给相关集合的反面。使用 username.set() 代替

Question

我在 django 中迁移我的数据库时遇到了一些麻烦

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 316, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 350, in execute
    self.check()
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 379, in check
    include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 366, in _run_checks
    return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 71, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\checks.py", line 74, in check_user_model
    if isinstance(cls().is_anonymous, MethodType):
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 470, in __init__
    _setattr(self, field.attname, val)
  File "E:\Env\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\related_descriptors.py", line 537, in __set__
    % self._get_set_deprecation_msg_params(),
TypeError: Direct assignment to the reverse side of a related set is prohibited. Use username.set() instead.

这是我的模型.py:

class PostComments(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(InfoPost, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="username")
    text = models.TextField()
    created_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    #approved_comment = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    reply_to = models.ForeignKey("self", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='replies')

    #def __str__(self): return 'Comment by {} on {}'.format(self.name, self.post)

我正在尝试为我的网站上的帖子制作评论系统，但是出现了一些错误。我不知道我的模型有什么问题，但如果我尝试在没有我的新 PostComments 模型的情况下进行迁移，它的迁移非常好。

更新。这是我的代码，我在其中使用我的 PostComments 模型

forms.py
    class CommentsForm(forms.ModelForm):
        post = forms.CharField(required=False)
        author = forms.CharField(required=False)

        class Meta:
            model = PostComments
            fields = '__all__'

View .py

def post(request, slug):
    post = get_object_or_404(InfoPost, slug=slug)
    comment_list = CommentsForm._meta.model.objects.all()

    if request.user.is_authenticated:
        user = User.objects.get(username=request.user.username)

        if request.method == 'POST':
            comment = CommentsForm(request.POST)
            print(comment.is_valid())
            if comment.is_valid():
                com = comment.save(commit=False)
                com.author = request.user
                com.post = post
                com.save()
                return redirect('post', slug=slug)
        else:
            comment_form = CommentsForm()
        return render_to_response('MainPage/Post.html',
                                  {'post': post, "user": user, 'img_w': image_w, 'img_h': image_h,
                                   'comments_list': comment_list, 'comment_form': comment_form})

    return render_to_response('MainPage/Post.html', {'post': post, 'img_w': image_w, 'img_h': image_h, 'comments_list': comment_list})

我在想，它是在我试图获取所有评论对象以在 View 中显示它们之后开始的，但我真的不知道

Answer 1

您正在使用作者 ForeignKey 上的 related_name 屏蔽 User 模型上的实际 username 字段。

应该是这样的:

author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="usernames")

'related_name=usernames' 复数形式。

它失败的原因是因为当你这样做的时候:

user = User.objects.get(username=request.user.username)

您基本上是在访问与用户关联的评论集的反向关系，而不是实际的 username 字段(我假设它是一个 CharField)。

有关 django documentation 中 related_name 的更多信息.