python - Python中如何区分超时错误和其他 `URLError`？

Question

如何区分超时错误和Python中的其他URLError？

编辑

当我捕获到 URLError 时，它可能是Temporary failure in name resolution 或 timeout，或其他一些错误？我如何区分彼此？

Answer 1

我使用类似下面选项 2 的代码...但要获得全面的答案，请查看 Michael Foord's urllib2 page

如果您使用下面的选项 1 或选项 2，您可以通过查看 e.code 或 e.reason< 在 except 子句中添加尽可能多的智能和分支

选项 1:

from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError
req = Request(someurl)
try:
    response = urlopen(req)
except HTTPError, e:
    print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request.'
    print 'Error code: ', e.code
except URLError, e:
    print 'We failed to reach a server.'
    print 'Reason: ', e.reason
else:
    # everything is fine

选项 2:

from urllib import urlencode
from urllib2 import Request
# insert other code here...
    error = False
    error_code = ""
    try:
        if method.upper()=="GET":
            response = urlopen(req)
        elif method.upper()=="POST":
            response = urlopen(req,data)
    except IOError, e:
        if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
            #print 'We failed to reach a server.'
            #print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            error = True
            error_code = e.reason
        elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
            #print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request.'
            #print 'Error code: ', e.code
            error = True
            error_code = e.code
    else:
        # info is dictionary of server parameters, such as 'content-type', etc...
        info = response.info().dict
        page = response.read()