python - 如何在 Django 的同一页面上拆分帖 subview

Question

我不知道这个问题是否有意义，但我对此感到很困惑。我有一个帖子 ListView ，它正在此处呈现一些帖子。

我的问题是如何拆分页面的各个部分。像这样。

制作这种 View 的方法应该是什么。

这是我的帖子view.py

posts/view.py

class PostListView(ListView):
    model = Post
    template_name = 'posts/home.html'
    context_object_name = 'posts'
    ordering = ['-date_posted']

    def get_queryset(self):
        if not self.request.user.is_authenticated:
            return Post.objects.all()[:10]
        else : 
            return super().get_queryset()

posts/models.py

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from slugger import AutoSlugField
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your models here.

def upload_location(instance, filename):
    return "%s/%s" %(instance.slug, filename)

class Category(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length= 60)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='title')
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self',blank=True, null=True ,related_name='children',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, auto_now_add=False)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title



class Post(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=120)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='title')
    image = models.ImageField(
        upload_to=upload_location,
        null=True, 
        blank=True,
    )
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.TextField()
    date_posted = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)


    def __str__(self):
        return self.title


    def get_absolute_url(self, slug=None):
        return reverse("posts-detail", kwargs={"slug": self.slug})

Answer 1

您已将帖子分配到类别。每个帖子只能分配给一个类别(因为您有从 Post 到 Category 的 FK)。并且您希望显示所有类别和每个类别下的 10 个最新帖子。

我看到了几种解决方法。最简单的方法是使用属性扩展 Category 模型，包含查询集以按照您希望的方式在首页检索相关帖子。

class Post(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    category = models.ForeignKey('Category', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts')
    date_posted = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)


class Category(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)

    @property
    def posts_for_frontpage(self):
        return self.posts.order_by('-date_posted')[:10]


class FrontpageView(ListView):

    model = Category
    template_name = 'frontpage.html'
    context_object_name = 'categories'

    def get_queryset(self):
        # select some categories for frontpage
        # all by default
        return Category.objects.all()

然后在模板中

{% for category in categories %}
    <h1>{{ category.title }}</h1>
    <hr />
    {% for post in category.posts_for_frontpage %}
        <h4>{{ post.title }}</h4>
    {% endfor %}
    <br />
    <br />
{% endfor %}

您还可以使用 select_related 来减少查询数量，并使用 annotate 来获取所有相关帖子。