css - 你如何在显示 :none and display:block? 之间转换

Question

我正在尝试延迟移动导航元素的出现(理想情况下不使用 JS 来延迟它们的出现)直到导航覆盖完全展开(0.4 秒)。

有两种状态:1.非叠加状态:top nav左边是汉堡包菜单，右边是我的名字。 4 个导航链接被隐藏。2. 覆盖状态:汉堡菜单变成一个 x，顶部导航过渡到覆盖整个页面，4 个导航链接集中出现在导航覆盖上。

我在别处读到，如果 display: 发生变化，现代浏览器将忽略任何动画或过渡规范。现在还是这样吗？我怎样才能克服这个问题并延迟导航项的出现，直到叠加层完全展开？

它似乎在这里工作:https://codepen.io/KingKabir/pen/QyPwgG但我不确定他们是如何完成的？

我试过使用 visibility: 和 opacity: 但它们并没有完全隐藏非覆盖状态下的 4 个导航元素，因此在非覆盖状态下我的名字在导航菜单的右侧弄乱了.

HTML:

  <nav class="nav_container" id="overlay">
    <div class="hamburger" id="hamburger" onclick="mobileMenu()">
      <div class="bar1"></div>
      <div class="bar2"></div>
      <div class="bar3"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="icon_personal_container">
      <a href="../index.html">
        <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="icon_personal">
          <title>J Logo</title>
          <defs>
            <linearGradient x1="14.6040568%" y1="100%" x2="85.3959432%" y2="0%" id="linearGradient-1">
              <stop stop-color="#12A9FF" offset="0%"></stop>
              <stop stop-color="#FF0096" offset="100%"></stop>
            </linearGradient>
          </defs>
          <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd">
            <circle fill="#333333" cx="12" cy="11.94" r="12"></circle>
            <polygon points="18.57144 7.82616 14.68812 7.82616 12 7.82616 12 5.16 18.57144 5.16"></polygon>
            <path d="M12.0021063,5.16 L17.3805494,5.16 L14.6827527,7.80073139 L14.6827527,13.044557 C14.6827527,16.5810127 13.1030779,18.9 9.57770614,18.9 C8.045129,18.9 6.72924975,18.3030871 5.82008559,17.4140986 C5.81142009,17.4056254 6.46074609,16.7540162 7.76806357,15.459271 C8.20030047,15.9163181 8.81488621,16.2138397 9.57770614,16.2138397 C11.2344382,16.2138397 11.985747,15.1509705 11.985747,13.1218565 L11.985747,5.16 L12.0021063,5.16 Z"
              fill="url(#linearGradient-1)"></path>
          </g>
        </svg>
      </a>
    </div>
    <div class="nav_tab" id="nav_tab_about"><a href="#about" class="nav_tab_hover_effect" onclick="mobileMenu()">About</a></div>
    <div class="nav_tab" id="nav_tab_work"><a href="#work" class="nav_tab_hover_effect" onclick="mobileMenu()">Work</a></div>
    <div class="nav_tab" id="nav_tab_skills"><a href="#skills" class="nav_tab_hover_effect" onclick="mobileMenu()">Skills</a></div>
    <div class="nav_tab" id="nav_tab_contact"><a href="#contact" class="nav_tab_hover_effect" onclick="mobileMenu()">Contact</a></div>
    <div class="blanks"></div>
    <div class="blanks"></div>
    <div id="nav_text">Jordan Tranchina</div>
  </nav>

CSS:

    .nav_container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr !important;
    grid-template-rows: auto;
    column-gap: 16px;
    grid-template-areas:
      "nav-far-left nav-left nav-right nav-far-right";
  }
  .nav_container.open {
    max-height: 100%;
    height: 200%;
    background-color: #000000;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-rows: auto auto auto auto auto;
    grid-template-areas:
      "nav-far-left nav-left nav-right nav-far-right"
      "second second second second"
      "third third third third"
      "fourth fourth fourth fourth"
      "fifth fifth fifth fifth";
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.455, 0.03, 0.515, 0.955);
  }

  .icon_personal_container,.blanks{
    display: none;
  }
  .nav_tab {
    display: block;
    height: 0;
    width: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    opacity: 0;
  }
  .nav_tab.open{
    display: block;
    height: auto;
    font-size: 32px;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding-top: 64px;
    visibility: visible;
    opacity: 1;
    transition: visibility 0s linear;
  }

  #nav_tab_about.open{
    grid-area: second;
    transition-delay: .10s;
    width: auto;
  }
  #nav_tab_work.open {
    grid-area: third;
    transition-delay: .15s;
    width: auto;
  }
  #nav_tab_skills.open {
    grid-area: fourth;
    transition-delay: .2s;
    width: auto;
  }
  #nav_tab_contact.open {
    grid-area: fifth;
    transition-delay: .25s;
    width: auto;
  }

  #nav_text {
    grid-area: 1 / nav-right / 1 / nav-far-right;
  }

Javascript:

function mobileMenu() {
  document.getElementById("hamburger").classList.toggle("active"); // toggling active class
  document.body.classList.toggle("overlay-body"); //toggling overlay state on body
  document.getElementById("overlay").classList.toggle("open"); //toggling overlay state on nav by setting classlist to "open"
  // improve below by grabing by class not by id
  document.getElementById("nav_tab_about").classList.toggle("open");
  document.getElementById("nav_tab_work").classList.toggle("open");
  document.getElementById("nav_tab_skills").classList.toggle("open");
  document.getElementById("nav_tab_contact").classList.toggle("open");
}

我希望类“nav_tab”的导航元素在 nav_container 有时间完全展开后的十分之几秒内出现。

当前的结果是，在 nav_container 有时间完全展开之前，类“nav_tab”的导航元素立即出现。

Answer 1

如果您将visibility 和opacity 与max-height 结合使用，您可以实现从可见到隐藏或反之的良好过渡。反之亦然。隐藏时将元素的 max-height 设置为 0，将 max-height 设置为 Xpx(大于您的element will ever) when visible, prevents the element from messing with your layout in any way (as you mentioned in your question).

这是一个简单的例子:

var visible = document.querySelector(".visible");

function hide() {
  visible.classList.add("hidden");
}

visible.addEventListener("click", hide);

div {
  background-color: blue;
  padding: 40px;
  color: white;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .1s ease;
}

.visible {
  visibility: visible;
  opacity: 1;
  max-height: 1000px;
}

.hidden {
  visibility: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  max-height: 0;
}

<div class="visible">Click to hide</div>