html - 使元素与动态大小的图像宽度相同？

Question

我有一个响应式幻灯片式布局，每张图片下方都有标题。

我试图让标题与图像的宽度相同。问题是图像被缩放以垂直适应浏览器，而我的标题是在缩放之前获取图像的宽度。

Fiddle

#big_container {
  display:block;
	position:relative;
	width:100%;
	padding-bottom:40%;
	white-space:nowrap;
	overflow-x:scroll;
	overflow-y:hidden;
}
    
#big_container>div {
	position:absolute;
	top:0;
	right:0;
	bottom:0;
	left:0;
}

.little_container {
	display:inline-block;
	height:100%;
	width:100%;
	text-align:center;
}

#big_container figure {
  display:inline-block;
	height:100%;
	margin:0;
}

figure img {
	max-height:calc(100% - 40px); /* subtract height of caption */
}

figcaption {
	display:block;
	width:100%;
	text-align:left;
	box-sizing:border-box;
	margin:0;
	padding:10px;
	line-height:20px;
	background-color:#ddd;
}

<div id="big_container">
  <div>

  <div class="little_container">
      <figure>
        <img src="http://placekitten.com/500/440">
        <figcaption>
          have a kitty!!1
        </figcaption>
      </figure>
  </div>
  
  <div class="little_container">
      <figure>
        <img src="http://placekitten.com/450/400">
        <figcaption>
          moar kitty!
        </figcaption>
      </figure>
  </div>
  
  <div class="little_container">
      <figure>
        <img src="http://placekitten.com/300/440">
        <figcaption>
          too many kitty..
        </figcaption>
      </figure>
  </div>
  
  </div>
</div>

如何制作根据流体图像的宽度缩放的标题？
我希望有一个纯 CSS 解决方案。

更新
结果是我上面的尝试partially works in chrome and opera, but exhibits some odd behavior .我还没有发现关于这个主题的任何错误报告，但我不禁想知道这是否会被视为浏览器中的错误。

---

为清楚起见，这里简要概述了我的具体要求:

• 标题元素必须与图像宽度相同(能够将标题文本左对齐或右对齐到图像边缘会很好)
• 不得裁剪或拉伸(stretch)图片
• 图片和标题都必须适合它们的容器(可能是流体)，并使用尽可能多的空间。
• 以上规则适用于任何尺寸的图像
• 仅 CSS(与旧浏览器的兼容性不是主要问题，但这是一个加号)

html 标记可以更改。

Answer 1

已更新

根据你对这道题的具体要求，单靠CSS是解决不了的。

这是我能想到的最好的。

Fiddle demo 1 (文本高度固定，图像完全可见)
Fiddle demo 2 (带有动画的图像顶部的半透明可缩放文本)

我主要使用的技巧是有一个隐藏的 img 来弥补空间，然后一个 background-image 以保持比例缩放到最大宽度/高度。

为了方便，我添加了内联样式 background-image，这样内容就可以在 html 中处理了。

为了使其完美，需要一个脚本，它计算标题的内容并调整图像/标题的缩小/高度。

片段演示1

html, body {
  margin: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow-y: hidden;
}
.container {
  display: inline-block;
  white-space: normal;
  width: 100%;
}
.wrap {
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: table;
}
.image {
  display: table-cell;
  background-position: center bottom;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: contain; 
}
.image img {
  visibility: hidden;
  max-width: 100vw;
  min-width: 100%;
  height: calc(100vh - 80px);
}
.caption {
  display: table-caption;
  caption-side: bottom;
  height: 40px;
  line-height: 22px;
  padding: 8px;
  background-color: #ddd;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.right {
  text-align: right; 
}

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/450/300')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/450/300">
    </div>
    <div class="caption right">
      moar kitty!
      moar kitty!
      moar kitty!
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/500/440')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/500/440">
    </div>
    <div class="caption">
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
      have a kitty!!1
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/300/440')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/300/440">
    </div>
    <div class="caption">
      too many kitty..
      too many kitty..
      too many kitty..
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

片段演示2

html, body {
  margin: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow-y: hidden;
}
.container {
  position: absolute;
  height: 100%;
  display: inline-block;
  white-space: normal;
  width: 100%;
  background: white;
  opacity: 0;
}
.wrap {
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: table;
}
.image {
  display: table-cell;
  background-position: center bottom;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: contain; 
}
.image img {
  visibility: hidden;
  max-width: 100vw;
  min-width: 100%;
  height: 100vh;
}

.caption-wrap {
  display: table-caption;
  caption-side: bottom;
  position: relative;
}
.caption {
  position: absolute;  
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 100%;
  height: auto;
  line-height: 22px;
  padding: 8px;
  background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
  color: white;
}
.right {
  text-align: right; 
}
.center {
  text-align: center; 
}

.container:nth-child(3) {
  animation: xfade 12s 0s infinite;
}
.container:nth-child(2) {
  animation: xfade 12s 4s infinite;
}
.container:nth-child(1) {
  animation: xfade 12s 8s infinite;
}

@keyframes xfade{
  17% {
    opacity:1;
  }
  45% {
    opacity:0;
  }
  92% {
    opacity:0;
  }
}

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/450/300')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/450/300">
    </div>
    <div class="caption-wrap">
      <div class="caption right">
        moar kitty!
        text .. right aligned
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/500/440')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/500/440">
    </div>
    <div class="caption-wrap">
      <div class="caption">
        have a kitty!!1
        have a kitty!!1
        text .. left aligned
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="container">
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="image" style="background-image: url('http://placekitten.com/300/440')">
      <img src="http://placekitten.com/300/440">
    </div>
    <div class="caption-wrap">
      <div class="caption center">
        text .. centered
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>