Ruby Sinatra 验证向 View 返回错误

Question

Rails dev 是 sinatra 的新手...我正在尝试做一些简单的验证。当我尝试时:

validates_presence_of :email, message: "Email cannot be blank."

   @emails.errors.each do |e|
      puts e
    end 

Sinatra 返回

[: errorI"^Rack::Lint::LintError: Body yielded non-string value [:email, ["Email cannot be blank."]

我如何从该数组中提取错误消息，以及我应用于该表的任何进一步验证。

我试过 puts e.first 和其他一些选项，但我没有找到任何地方。我应该这样做吗？

提前致谢!

# app.rb
require "sinatra"
require "Clipboard"
require "sinatra/activerecord"
require 'pony'

#basic auth
use Rack::Auth::Basic, "Enter Demo password." do |username, password|
  [username, password] == ['censor', 'censor']
end


#options
set :port, 3000

# configure :development do
  set :database, "sqlite3:///exceptDev.db"
# end

#end options


######################
####    MODELS      #
######################

class Emails < ActiveRecord::Base
  #validate fields  
  validates_presence_of :email, message: "Email cannot be blank."
end



######################
####    ROUTES       #
######################

get '/' do
  erb :index
end


get '/contact' do
  #create email record
  @fullname = params[:name].split
  @emails = Emails.create(first_name: @fullname.first, 
                          email: params[:email], 
                          last_name: @fullname.last,
                          msg: params[:msg],
                          postcards: params[:postcards],
                          stickers: params[:stickers]
                          )

  if @emails.save 
    redirect "/", notice: "HYFR!"
  else
    redirect "", errors: "wsdfasdf"
    # @emails.errors.each do |e|
    #   puts e
    # end #errors block
  end #if save
end #contact action

Answer 1

来自 the documentation :

The return value of a route block determines at least the response body passed on to the HTTP client, or at least the next middleware in the Rack stack. Most commonly, this is a string

您正在尝试传递数组而不是字符串。返回类型(同样，在文档中列出)

• 一个包含三个元素的数组:[status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]
• 一个包含两个元素的数组:[status (Fixnum), response body (responds to #each)]
• 一个响应#each 并且只传递字符串给给定 block 的对象
• 代表状态码的 Fixnum

如果您发布了您编写的代码，它会更容易向您展示该怎么做，但这基本上就是正在发生的事情。

---

来自附加代码:

在路线的最后，尝试这样的事情:

get '/contact' do
  # other code, then…

如果@emails.errors

  unless @emails.errors?
    haml :show_a_nice_view_to_the_user
  else
    output = @emails.errors.join("; ")
    # log problems…

暂停500，输出

    haml :error_template
  end
end

# in the error_template (or the show_a_nice_view_to_the_user
# it's up to you if you show a special page or not)
- @errors.full_messages.each do |error|
  %p= error