ruby-on-rails - has_and_belongs_to_many 关系的 Rails 路由

Question

我正在为一支有球员和球队的运动队开发 Rails 4 API，我在 Rails 路由和 has_many 关系方面遇到了一些困难。我的球员和球队之间的关系是这样的:

class Team < ActiveRecord::Base
  extend Searchable
  validates :title, presence: true
  has_and_belongs_to_many :players
end

class Player < ActiveRecord::Base
  extend Searchable
  validates :first_name, presence: true
  validates :last_name, presence: true
  has_and_belongs_to_many :teams
end

我希望能够将现有玩家添加到团队中，但我不确定如何更改我的 routes.rb 文件。目前，它看起来像:

Rails.application.routes.draw do
  devise_for :users
  namespace :api, defaults: { format: :json },
            constraints: { subdomain: 'api' }, path: '/'  do
    scope module: :v1 do
      resources :users, :only               => [:show, :create, :update, :destroy]
      resources :teams, :only               => [:show, :create, :update, :destroy, :index]
      resources :players, :only             => [:show, :create, :update, :destroy, :index]
      resources :sessions, :only            => [:create, :destroy]
    end
  end
end

允许对球员和球队模型进行 CRUD 操作。我当时在想，要将一名球员添加到现有球队，我的路线需要如下所示:

/teams/:team_id/add_player/

但我不确定如何在 routes.rb 中声明该路由。所以，有几个问题:

1. 从 REST-ful 的角度来看，这条路线对人们有意义吗？如果是这样，我将如何在 routes.rb
中声明这条路线
2. 将玩家添加到团队应该是 PATCH 还是 POST 方法？

感谢您提供的任何帮助，

肖恩

Answer 1

您需要使用 nested resource :

#config/routes.rb
resources :teams, only: [....] do
   resources :players, path: "", path_names: {new: "add_player", create: "add_player", destroy: "remove_player" }, only: [:create, :destroy] #-> /v1/teams/:team_id/add_player
end

这将路由到您的 players_controller , 通过 :team_id参数:

#app/controllers/players_controller.rb
class PlayersController < ApplicationController
   def new
      @players = Player.all
   end

   def create
      if params[:team_id]
        @team = Team.find params[:team_id]
        @player = Player.find params[:id]
        @team.players << player
      else
        # normal "create" action
      end
   end

   def destroy
      if params[:team_id]
          @team = Team.find params[:id]
          @player = Player.find params[:id]
          @team.players.delete player
      end
   end
end

您可以将其与以下 View 相结合:

#app/views/players/new.html.erb
<%= form_tag team_players_path do %> #-> method should be "post"
   <%= collection_select :player, :id, @players, :id, :name %>
   <%= submit_tag %>
<% end %>

--

琐事:

使用 HABTM，您可以获得 << & collection.delete方法——都允许您非常简单地从集合中添加和删除对象。

-

Does that route make sense to people from a REST-ful perspective? If so, how would I declare this route in routes.rb

是的。

Should it be a PATCH or a POST method for adding a player to a team?

根据足智多谋的路由结构，我会说你可以逃脱 POST请求 create行动，但可以通过多种方式完成!

---

更新

这样做:

#config/routes.rb
resources :teams, only: [....] do
   match "players/:id", to: "players", via: [:put, :delete]
end

这将创建以下路由:

#put      url.com/teams/:team_id/players/:id
#destroy  url.com/teams/:team_id/players/:id

这将允许您使用 players teams 中的方法 Controller :

#app/controllers/teams_controller.rb
class TeamsController < ApplicationController
   def players
      @team = Team.find params[:team_id]
      @player = Player.find params[:id]
      if request.put?
         @team.players << player
      elsif request.delete?
         @team.players.destroy player
      end
   end
end