ruby-on-rails - 如何在 OpenURI (Ruby) 中发送自定义 header 并检查它们

Question

在以下文档中找到:https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.1.0/libdoc/open-uri/rdoc/OpenURI.html

Additional header fields can be specified by an optional hash argument.

 open("http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/",
   "User-Agent" => "Ruby/#{RUBY_VERSION}",
   "From" => "foo@bar.invalid",
   "Referer" => "http://www.ruby-lang.org/") {|f|
   # ...
 }

谁能告诉我如何检查它是否正常工作？

Answer 1

Can someone tell how to check whether they [the additional header fields] are properly working.

你可以使用 netcat监听特定端口，例如 2000:

$ nc -l 2000

并将主机相应地更改为 localhost:2000:

# open.rb
require 'open-uri'

open("http://localhost:2000/",
  "User-Agent" => "Ruby/#{RUBY_VERSION}",
  "From" => "foo@bar.invalid",
  "Referer" => "http://www.ruby-lang.org/") {|f|
   # ...
}

运行程序通过

$ ruby open.rb

将使 netcat 显示:

$ nc -l 2000
GET / HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Ruby/2.3.1
From: foo@bar.invalid
Referer: http://www.ruby-lang.org/
Accept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3
Accept: */*
Host: localhost:2000

显然， header 工作正常。 (当然有)