ruby-on-rails - 如何为部署设置服务器并使用 Capistrano 进行冷部署？

Question

deploy:setup 的正确方法是什么？并使用 Capistrano 进行冷部署？

使用

• this deploy.rb
• Capistrano v2.14.2
• Vagrant 虚拟化我的服务器，

这是我的场景:

1. 运行时deploy:setup , Capistrano 利用 root 权限为部署准备目录结构:

   $ cap deploy:setup
     * 2013-02-28 14:50:21 executing `deploy:setup'
     * executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' mkdir -p /home/vagrant/example /home/vagrant/example/releases /home/vagrant/example/shared /home/vagrant/example/shared/system /home/vagrant/example/shared/log /home/vagrant/example/shared/pids"
       servers: ["example.com"]
       [example.com] executing command
       command finished in 29ms
     * executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' chmod g+w /home/vagrant/example /home/vagrant/example/releases /home/vagrant/example/shared /home/vagrant/example/shared/system /home/vagrant/example/shared/log /home/vagrant/example/shared/pids"
       servers: ["example.com"]
       [example.com] executing command
       command finished in 11ms
   

2. 还在 deploy:cold Capistrano 尝试结帐(在这种情况下来自 git)并写为 vagrant用户 – deploy.rb 中指定的用户:

   $ cap deploy:cold
     * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:cold'
     * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:update'
    ** transaction: start
     * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:update_code'
       updating the cached checkout on all servers
       executing locally: "git ls-remote git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git master"
       command finished in 2360ms
     * executing "if [ -d /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy ]; then cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git fetch -q origin && git fetch --tags -q origin && git reset -q --hard a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59 && git clean -q -d -x -f; else git clone -q git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git checkout -q -b deploy a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59; fi"
       servers: ["example.com"]
       [example.com] executing command
    ** [example.com :: out] fatal: could not create work tree dir '/home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy'.: Permission denied
       command finished in 26ms
   *** [deploy:update_code] rolling back
     * executing "rm -rf /home/vagrant/example/releases/20130228195049; true"
       servers: ["example.com"]
       [example.com] executing command
       command finished in 7ms
   failed: "sh -c 'if [ -d /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy ]; then cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git fetch -q origin && git fetch --tags -q origin && git reset -q --hard a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59 && git clean -q -d -x -f; else git clone -q git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git checkout -q -b deploy a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59; fi'" on example.com
   

3. 当然，deploy:check报告毫不意外:vagrant用户无法写入在 deploy:setup 期间创建的目录因为这两个用户属于不同的组 – root:root与 vagrant:vagrant :

   $ cap deploy:check
     [...]
   The following dependencies failed. Please check them and try again:
   --> You do not have permissions to write to `/home/vagrant/example'. (example.com)
   --> You do not have permissions to write to `/home/vagrant/example/releases'. (example.com)
   --> `/home/vagrant/example/shared' is not writable (example.com)
   

这背后的原因是什么，还没有满足什么先决条件，所以部署通过了这个问题？

Answer 1

deploy:setup任务可能不应该使用 sudo创建 app 目录，因为这可能导致它被 root 拥有.

您可以在 deploy.rb 中将其关闭文件:

set :use_sudo, false