ruby-on-rails - gem 安装 rmagick 错误

Question

我知道有很多关于这个错误的问题，但我阅读了几个教程和 SO 讨论，但没有找到解决方案。

我正在尝试安装 rmagick(我想为 Ruby on Rails 安装 Spree 电子商务，这需要 ImageMagick 和 rmagick)。

我在 Windows 7(64 位)上工作，Ruby 版本是:2.1.5，Rails 版本是 4.2.1。我下载并安装了(在 C:\ImageMagick 中)ImageMagick-6.9.1-2-Q16-x64-dll.exe，我还安装了 Dev-Kit。

我按照 Sumit Munot 在 ImageMagick Install Windows 此处建议的步骤操作，但是当我按照第 6 步操作时，出现此错误。

C:\Sites>gem install rmagick
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rmagick:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for stdint.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/bin/ruby
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler
 failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:587:in `try_cpp'

        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:1067:in `block i
n have_header'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:918:in `block in
 checking_for'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:351:in `block (2
 levels) in postpone'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:321:in `open'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:351:in `block in
 postpone'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:321:in `open'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:347:in `postpone
'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:917:in `checking
_for'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:1066:in `have_he
ader'
        from extconf.rb:37:in `configure_headers'
        from extconf.rb:17:in `initialize'
        from extconf.rb:474:in `new'
        from extconf.rb:474:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1
.0/gems/rmagick-2.15.0 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/extensions/x86
-mingw32/2.1.0/rmagick-2.15.0/gem_make.out

C:\Sites>gem install rmagick
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rmagick:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for stdint.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/bin/ruby
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler
 failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:587:in `try_cpp'

        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:1067:in `block i
n have_header'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:918:in `block in
 checking_for'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:351:in `block (2
 levels) in postpone'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:321:in `open'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:351:in `block in
 postpone'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:321:in `open'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:347:in `postpone
'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:917:in `checking
_for'
        from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:1066:in `have_he
ader'
        from extconf.rb:37:in `configure_headers'
        from extconf.rb:17:in `initialize'
        from extconf.rb:474:in `new'
        from extconf.rb:474:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1
.0/gems/rmagick-2.15.0 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/extensions/x86
-mingw32/2.1.0/rmagick-2.15.0/gem_make.out

这是我的路径:C:\RailsInstaller\Git\cmd;C:\RailsInstaller\Ruby2.1.0\bin;C:\Ruby21\bin;我必须在路径中添加一些东西吗？

Answer 1

是的，遇到了同样的麻烦，又给了它第二次机会。

• 删除当前的 ImageMagic 文件夹和 rmagick gem
• 从 here 安装 ImageMagick-6.7.9-3-Q16-windows-dll.exe和 ImageMagick-6.7.9-2-Q8-windows-static.exe 在同一文件夹中(这些有效，而最近的无效)
• 在您的控制台窗口中 set path=d:\ImageMagick;%path%
• gem install rmagick -- '--with-opt-dir="d:\ImageMagick"'

我显然在 d:\ImageMagick 中安装了 ImageMagick，因此请根据您的情况进行调整。这适用于我在 Windows 7 下的 Ruby 1.9.3，成功!