ruby - 如何在 Mac OS X 上不使用 sudo 安装 gems

Question

我已经阅读了很多帖子，但到目前为止还没有一个能做到这一点。

我如何在 OSX (El Capitan Beta) 上为我自己的用户安装 gem？例如，帖子建议指定 -user-install 但我根本无法在没有 sudo 的情况下调用 gem，因为它会引发权限错误。

我关注了“Install gem as user on OSX 10.10 Yosemite”，但仍然无法调用gem。

我安装了 Homebrew，按照上面的指南安装了 rbenv，安装了带有 rbenv 的 Ruby 版本，检查它是否正确加载，但是指南中的最后一步是调用 gem install，我仍然做不到。

安装 rbenv 后调用 gem 会导致:

/Users/Me/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/stub_specification.rb:71:in `initialize': 
Permission denied @ rb_sysopen - /Users/Ne/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/speci

rbenv 环境转储:

RBENV_VERSION=2.1.5
RBENV_ROOT=/Users/Me/.rbenv
RBENV_HOOK_PATH=:/Users/Me/.rbenv/rbenv.d:
  /usr/local/etc/rbenv.d:
  /etc/rbenv.d:
  /usr/lib/rbenv/hooks
PATH=/Users/Me/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/bin:
  /usr/local/Cellar/rbenv/0.4.0/libexec:
  /Users/Me/.rbenv/plugins/rbenv-env/bin:
  /Users/Me/.rbenv/shims:
  /usr/local/heroku/bin:
  /usr/local/sbin:
  /usr/local/bin:
  /usr/local/share/npm/bin:
  /Applications/Atom.app/Contents/Resources/app/apm/bin:
  /Users/Me/.bin:
  /Applications/Atom.app/Contents/Resources/app/apm/node_modules/atom-package-manager/bin:
  /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:
  /bin:
  /usr/sbin:/sbin:
  /opt/X11/bin:
  /usr/local/MacGPG2/bin
RBENV_DIR=/Users/Me/.rbenv/plugins

“brew and gem both throws 'Permission denied' error whenever I run it ”似乎是相关的，尽管它没有解决，除非使用我可能不得不做的其他方法。

Answer 1

如果没有 sudo 就无法使用 gem，这听起来像是您没有正确初始化 rbenv，因为 shim 不可用。

这些步骤来自the documentation .确认您所有都做到了:

Add ~/.rbenv/bin to your $PATH for access to the rbenv command-line utility.

$ echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

Ubuntu Desktop note: Modify your ~/.bashrc instead of ~/.bash_profile.

Zsh note: Modify your ~/.zshrc file instead of ~/.bash_profile.

Add rbenv init to your shell to enable shims and autocompletion.

$ echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bash_profile

Same as in previous step, use ~/.bashrc on Ubuntu, or ~/.zshrc for Zsh.

Restart your shell so that PATH changes take effect. (Opening a new terminal tab will usually do it.) Now check if rbenv was set up:

$ type rbenv
#=> "rbenv is a function"