ruby-on-rails - rails : RSpec - undefined method `cookie_jar' for nil:NilClass

Question

Rails 新手。尝试遵循 Michael Hartl 的教程。

尝试添加辅助方法来模拟 RSpec 测试中的日志:

describe "when the a user has logged in and attempts to visit the page" do
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create :user }
    before do 
      log_in user
    end
    it "should redirect the user to next page" do
      specify { response.should redirect_to loggedin_path }
    end
  end

在我的 spec/support/utilities.rb 中:

def log_in user
    visit root_path
    fill_in "Email", with: user.email
    fill_in "Password", with: user.password
    click_button "Log in"
    cookies[:remember_token] = user.remember_token
end

错误:

Failure/Error: log_in user
     NoMethodError:
       undefined method `cookie_jar' for nil:NilClass

什么给了？

编辑，完整堆栈跟踪:

Index page when the a user has logged in and attempts to visit the page should redirect the user to next page
     Failure/Error: log_in user
     NoMethodError:
       undefined method `cookie_jar' for nil:NilClass
     # ./spec/support/utilities.rb:8:in `log_in'
     # ./spec/features/pages/index_spec.rb:20:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'

Answer 1

RSpec 对放置测试的目录非常讲究。如果您将测试放在错误的目录中，它不会自动混入设置不同类型测试的各种测试助手。看来您的设置使用的是 spec/features，这不是经过批准的 default directory (spec/requests、spec/integration 或 spec/api)。

根据教程页面，我不确定他们如何设置 spec_helper.rb 文件。尽管这些示例让他们使用 spec/requests 来进行测试。

您可以强制 RSpec 通过使用以下之一来识别请求规范的另一个目录:

手动添加正确的模块到测试文件:

# spec/features/pages/index_spec.rb
require 'spec_helper'

describe "Visiting the index page" do

  include RSpec::Rails::RequestExampleGroup

  # Rest of your test code
  context "when the a user has logged in and attempts to visit the page" do
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create :user }

    before do 
      log_in user
    end

    specify { response.should redirect_to loggedin_path }
  end

end

将此包含在您的 spec/spec_helper.rb 文件中:

RSpec::configure do |c|
  c.include RSpec::Rails::RequestExampleGroup, type: :request, example_group: {
    file_path: c.escaped_path(%w[spec (features)])
  }
end

由于这是一个教程，我建议遵循在规范文件顶部包含 require 'spec_helper' 的标准，并且您的实际 spec/spec_helper.rb 文件有 require 'rspec/rails'

小提示，您不需要将 specify 放在 it block 中。它们互为别名，所以只用一个。

context "when the a user has logged in and attempts to visit the page" do
  let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create :user }

  before do 
    log_in user
  end

  # All of the following are the same

  it "redirects the user to next page" do
    response.should redirect_to loggedin_path
  end

  it { response.should redirect_to loggedin_path }

  specify "redirects the user to next page" do
    response.should redirect_to loggedin_path
  end

  specify { response.should redirect_to loggedin_path }
end

请注意，根据 capybara 的文档，您应该能够将 capybara 测试放入 spec/features。要使其正常工作，请确保您在 spec_helper 中加载 require 'capybara/rspec' 或直接测试规范文件。

但是，查看 source ，我没有看到它们自动包含该目录的位置。您还可以尝试将标记 type::feature 添加到测试文件中的外部 describe block 。尽管更可能的解决方案是使用 spec/requests。