ruby-on-rails - 安装 OS X Mavericks 后出现 RMagick 错误

Question

我安装了 RMagick，并在 OS X Mountain Lion 中完美运行。我刚刚安装了 OS X Mavericks，当我尝试运行 rails s 时，出现了这个错误:

/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/activesupport-3.2.14/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require': dlopen(/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/RMagick2.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr/lib/libltdl.7.dylib (LoadError)
  Referenced from: /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/RMagick2.bundle
  Reason: image not found - /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/RMagick2.bundle
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/activesupport-3.2.14/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/activesupport-3.2.14/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/activesupport-3.2.14/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/rmagick.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global/gems/bundler-1.3.2/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
    from /myapp/config/application.rb:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/railties-3.2.14/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `require'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/railties-3.2.14/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/railties-3.2.14/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
    from /.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@myapp/gems/railties-3.2.14/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
    from script/rails:6:in `require'
    from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

这是我的 Gemfile:

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.2.14'

group :assets do
  gem 'sass-rails',   '>= 3.2.3'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '>= 3.2.1'
  gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
end

group   :development do
    gem 'annotate', :git => 'git://github.com/ctran/annotate_models.git'
    gem 'sextant'
  gem "quiet_assets", ">= 1.0.2"
  gem "better_errors", ">= 0.7.2"
  gem "binding_of_caller", ">= 0.7.1"    
    gem 'meta_request'
    gem 'execjs'
    gem 'therubyracer'  
  gem "letter_opener"
  gem 'bullet'   
  gem 'rack-mini-profiler'   
  gem 'mocha', require: false
end

group :test do
  gem "email_spec", ">= 1.4.0"
end

group :development, :test do
  gem "rspec-rails", ">= 2.12.2"
  gem "database_cleaner", ">= 1.0.0.RC1"  
end

gem "stripe"
gem "jquery-rails"
gem "thin", ">= 1.5.0"
gem "pg", ">= 0.15.0"
gem "font-awesome-rails"
gem "bootstrap-sass", ">= 2.3.1.0"
gem "bootstrap-wysihtml5-rails"
gem "sendgrid", ">= 1.0.1"
gem "devise", ">= 2.2.4"
gem "cancan", ">= 1.6.9"
gem "rolify", ">= 3.2.0"
gem "simple_form", ">= 2.1.0"
gem "newrelic_rpm"
gem "rmagick"
gem "mini_magick"
gem "carrierwave"
gem "fog"
gem "rails_admin"
gem "acts-as-taggable-on"
gem "friendly_id"

我已经运行了 bundle install 并且一切正常:

$ bundle install
Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.5) 
Using multi_json (1.8.2) 
Using activesupport (3.2.14) 
Using builder (3.0.4) 
Using activemodel (3.2.14) 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using journey (1.0.4) 
Using rack (1.4.5) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.2.2) 
Using actionpack (3.2.14) 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (3.2.14) 
Using arel (3.0.2) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activerecord (3.2.14) 
Using activeresource (3.2.14) 
Using bundler (1.3.2) 
Using rack-ssl (1.3.3) 
Using json (1.8.1) 
Using rdoc (3.12.2) 
Using thor (0.18.1) 
Using railties (3.2.14) 
Using rails (3.2.14) 
Using acts-as-taggable-on (2.4.1) 
Using addressable (2.3.5) 
Using annotate (2.6.0.beta2) from git://github.com/ctran/annotate_models.git (at master) 
Using atomic (1.1.14) 
Using bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2) 
Using coderay (1.1.0) 
Using better_errors (1.0.1) 
Using debug_inspector (0.0.2) 
Using binding_of_caller (0.7.2) 
Using sass (3.2.12) 
Using bootstrap-sass (2.3.2.2) 
Using bootstrap-wysihtml5-rails (0.3.1.23) 
Using uniform_notifier (1.3.0) 
Using bullet (4.6.0) 
Using callsite (0.0.11) 
Using cancan (1.6.10) 
Using carrierwave (0.9.0) 
Using coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Using execjs (2.0.2) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using coffee-rails (3.2.2) 
Using daemons (1.1.9) 
Using database_cleaner (1.2.0) 
Using orm_adapter (0.4.0) 
Using thread_safe (0.1.3) 
Using warden (1.2.3) 
Using devise (3.1.1) 
Using diff-lcs (1.2.4) 
Using launchy (2.3.0) 
Using email_spec (1.5.0) 
Using eventmachine (1.0.3) 
Using excon (0.27.6) 
Using formatador (0.2.4) 
Using net-ssh (2.7.0) 
Using net-scp (1.1.2) 
Using mini_portile (0.5.1) 
Using nokogiri (1.6.0) 
Using ruby-hmac (0.4.0) 
Using unicode (0.4.4) 
Using fog (1.16.0) 
Using font-awesome-rails (3.2.1.3) 
Using friendly_id (4.0.10.1) 
Using haml (4.0.3) 
Using jquery-rails (3.0.4) 
Using jquery-ui-rails (3.0.1) 
Using kaminari (0.14.1) 
Using letter_opener (1.1.2) 
Using libv8 (3.16.14.3) 
Using rack-contrib (1.1.0) 
Using meta_request (0.2.8) 
Using metaclass (0.0.1) 
Using subexec (0.2.3) 
Using mini_magick (3.6.0) 
Using mocha (0.14.0) 
Using nested_form (0.3.2) 
Using newrelic_rpm (3.6.8.164) 
Using pg (0.17.0) 
Using quiet_assets (1.0.2) 
Using rack-mini-profiler (0.1.31) 
Using rack-pjax (0.7.0) 
Using remotipart (1.2.1) 
Using safe_yaml (0.9.7) 
Using sass-rails (3.2.6) 
Using rails_admin (0.4.9) 
Using ref (1.0.5) 
Using rest-client (1.6.7) 
Using rmagick (2.13.2) 
Using rolify (3.2.0) 
Using rspec-core (2.14.6) 
Using rspec-expectations (2.14.3) 
Using rspec-mocks (2.14.4) 
Using rspec-rails (2.14.0) 
Using sendgrid (1.2.0) 
Using sextant (0.2.4) 
Using simple_form (2.1.0) 
Using stripe (1.8.7) 
Using therubyracer (0.12.0) 
Using thin (1.5.1) 
Using uglifier (2.2.1) 
Your bundle is complete! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

还尝试了 bundle update rmagick:

$ bundle update rmagick
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.......
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.5) 
Using multi_json (1.8.2) 
Using activesupport (3.2.14) 
Using builder (3.0.4) 
Using activemodel (3.2.14) 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using journey (1.0.4) 
Using rack (1.4.5) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.2.2) 
Using actionpack (3.2.14) 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (3.2.14) 
Using arel (3.0.2) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activerecord (3.2.14) 
Using activeresource (3.2.14) 
Using bundler (1.3.2) 
Using rack-ssl (1.3.3) 
Using json (1.8.1) 
Using rdoc (3.12.2) 
Using thor (0.18.1) 
Using railties (3.2.14) 
Using rails (3.2.14) 
Using acts-as-taggable-on (2.4.1) 
Using addressable (2.3.5) 
Using annotate (2.6.0.beta2) from git://github.com/ctran/annotate_models.git (at master) 
Using atomic (1.1.14) 
Using bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2) 
Using coderay (1.1.0) 
Using better_errors (1.0.1) 
Using debug_inspector (0.0.2) 
Using binding_of_caller (0.7.2) 
Using sass (3.2.12) 
Using bootstrap-sass (2.3.2.2) 
Using bootstrap-wysihtml5-rails (0.3.1.23) 
Using uniform_notifier (1.3.0) 
Using bullet (4.6.0) 
Using callsite (0.0.11) 
Using cancan (1.6.10) 
Using carrierwave (0.9.0) 
Using coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Using execjs (2.0.2) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using coffee-rails (3.2.2) 
Using daemons (1.1.9) 
Using database_cleaner (1.2.0) 
Using orm_adapter (0.4.0) 
Using thread_safe (0.1.3) 
Using warden (1.2.3) 
Using devise (3.1.1) 
Using diff-lcs (1.2.4) 
Using launchy (2.3.0) 
Using email_spec (1.5.0) 
Using eventmachine (1.0.3) 
Using excon (0.27.6) 
Using formatador (0.2.4) 
Using net-ssh (2.7.0) 
Using net-scp (1.1.2) 
Using mini_portile (0.5.1) 
Using nokogiri (1.6.0) 
Using ruby-hmac (0.4.0) 
Using unicode (0.4.4) 
Using fog (1.16.0) 
Using font-awesome-rails (3.2.1.3) 
Using friendly_id (4.0.10.1) 
Using haml (4.0.3) 
Using jquery-rails (3.0.4) 
Using jquery-ui-rails (3.0.1) 
Using kaminari (0.14.1) 
Using letter_opener (1.1.2) 
Using libv8 (3.16.14.3) 
Using rack-contrib (1.1.0) 
Using meta_request (0.2.8) 
Using metaclass (0.0.1) 
Using subexec (0.2.3) 
Using mini_magick (3.6.0) 
Using mocha (0.14.0) 
Using nested_form (0.3.2) 
Using newrelic_rpm (3.6.8.164) 
Using pg (0.17.0) 
Using quiet_assets (1.0.2) 
Using rack-mini-profiler (0.1.31) 
Using rack-pjax (0.7.0) 
Using remotipart (1.2.1) 
Using safe_yaml (0.9.7) 
Using sass-rails (3.2.6) 
Using rails_admin (0.4.9) 
Using ref (1.0.5) 
Using rest-client (1.6.7) 
Using rmagick (2.13.2) 
Using rolify (3.2.0) 
Using rspec-core (2.14.6) 
Using rspec-expectations (2.14.3) 
Using rspec-mocks (2.14.4) 
Using rspec-rails (2.14.0) 
Using sendgrid (1.2.0) 
Using sextant (0.2.4) 
Using simple_form (2.1.0) 
Using stripe (1.8.7) 
Using therubyracer (0.12.0) 
Using thin (1.5.1) 
Using uglifier (2.2.1) 
Your bundle is updated! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

Answer 1

Install X Code 5 ，然后这样做:

brew install libtool --universal
brew link libtool