ruby-on-rails - Errno::EACCES:运行捆绑时权限被拒绝，它命中 json 1.8.1，pg 0.17

Question

我刚买了一台新笔记本电脑，并使用 Migration Assistant 完全转移了所有内容。似乎一切正常，并且都在适当的位置，所以我不知道这是否是问题所在。我对调试这样的环境错误还是很陌生。

我一直在 Windows 上开发一个 Rails 项目，这台笔记本电脑是 Mac OS X 10.8。我之前已经在上面克隆了一个 GitHub 项目并且运行良好。这是 github repo以供引用。这个项目在我运行 bundle 时遇到错误

错误

Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.1) 
Using multi_json (1.8.2) 
Using activesupport (3.2.13) 
Using builder (3.0.4) 
Using activemodel (3.2.13) 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using journey (1.0.4) 
Using rack (1.4.5) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.2.2) 
Using actionpack (3.2.13) 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (3.2.13) 
Using arel (3.0.2) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activerecord (3.2.13) 
Using activeresource (3.2.13) 
Using bundler (1.3.5) 
Using rack-ssl (1.3.3) 
TheInstalling json (1.8.1) 
Errno::EACCES: Permission denied - /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/json-1.8.1/.gitignore
An error occurred while installing json (1.8.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install json -v '1.8.1'` succeeds before bundling.

ruby 环境

Users-MacBook:soundtrackshare user$ gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.6
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 247) [x86_64-darwin12.3.0]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-12
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247
     - /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@global
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/

我的路

Users-MacBook:soundtrackshare user$ echo $PATH
/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin:/Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@global/bin:/Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin:/Users/user/.rvm/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin

尝试将其添加到我的 gemfile

gem 'json', '1.8.0'

现在我在 bundle update json 后得到了这个新错误...我的上一个项目也只在生产环境中使用 Postgres，但是当我捆绑它时我没有看到 pg gem。

You have requested:

json = 1.8.0

The bundle currently has json locked at 1.8.1.
Try running `bundle update json`
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.
Users-MacBook:soundtrackshare user$ bundle update json
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake (10.1.0) 
Using i18n (0.6.1) 
Using multi_json (1.8.2) 
Using activesupport (3.2.13) 
Using builder (3.0.4) 
Using activemodel (3.2.13) 
Using erubis (2.7.0) 
Using journey (1.0.4) 
Using rack (1.4.5) 
Using rack-cache (1.2) 
Using rack-test (0.6.2) 
Using hike (1.2.3) 
Using tilt (1.4.1) 
Using sprockets (2.2.2) 
Using actionpack (3.2.13) 
Using mime-types (1.25) 
Using polyglot (0.3.3) 
Using treetop (1.4.15) 
Using mail (2.5.4) 
Using actionmailer (3.2.13) 
Using arel (3.0.2) 
Using tzinfo (0.3.38) 
Using activerecord (3.2.13) 
Using activeresource (3.2.13) 
Using bundler (1.3.5) 
Using rack-ssl (1.3.3) 
Using json (1.8.0) 
Using rdoc (3.12.2) 
Using thor (0.18.1) 
Using railties (3.2.13) 
Using rails (3.2.13) 
Using acts-as-taggable-on (2.4.1) 
Using atomic (1.1.14) 
Using bcrypt-ruby (3.1.2) 
Using sass (3.2.12) 
Using bootstrap-sass (2.3.2.2) 
Using cancan (1.6.10) 
Using coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Using execjs (2.0.2) 
Using coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Using coffee-rails (3.2.2) 
Using orm_adapter (0.4.0) 
Using thread_safe (0.1.3) 
Using warden (1.2.3) 
Using devise (3.1.1) 
Using faker (1.2.0) 
Using jquery-rails (3.0.4) 
Installing pg (0.17.0) 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/
/Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:519:in `try_link0'
    from /Users/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:534:in `try_link'
    from extconf.rb:39:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/pg-0.17.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/pg-0.17.0/ext/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.0), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.0'` succeeds before bundling.

有什么线索吗？

Answer 1

您可能需要安装 Xcode 控制台工具，至少这是我遇到的问题。

你可以通过运行来做到这一点:

xcode-select --install

查看此链接了解更多信息

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