ruby - gem 和/或 Ruby on Rails 突然坏了，有人知道发生了什么事吗？

Question

我有一个 Ruby on Rails 应用程序，它曾经可以正常工作。我已经有一个月左右没有使用它了，但今天尝试使用 rails s 启动它并得到以下错误——事实上，我在尝试 rails 时得到了这个错误—— h 或 rails -v 甚至 gem -h 或 sudo gem update --system 或任何与 gem 。

NOTE: Gem::Specification#default_executable= is deprecated with no replacement. It will be removed on or after 2011-10-01.
Gem::Specification#default_executable= called from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/specifications/rubygems-update-1.8.2.gemspec:11.
Invalid gemspec in [/Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/specifications/tilt-1.3.3.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-08-25 00:00:00.000000000Z"
NOTE: Gem::Specification#default_executable= is deprecated with no replacement. It will be removed on or after 2011-10-01.
Gem::Specification#default_executable= called from /Users/me/.gem/ruby/1.8/specifications/json-1.5.1.gemspec:10.
/Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/specification.rb:277:in `_resort!': undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/specification.rb:276:in `sort!'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/specification.rb:276:in `_resort!'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/specification.rb:270:in `_all'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/specification.rb:402:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/dependency.rb:216:in `find_all'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/dependency.rb:216:in `matching_specs'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/dependency.rb:238:in `to_specs'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:in `to_spec'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems.rb:1182:in `gem'
    from /usr/bin/rails:18

有人知道发生了什么以及如何解决它吗？我怎样才能卸载它并重新安装它(不卸载我的操作系统，真的很糟糕)

Answer 1

我会尝试通过运行清除所有已安装的 gem

rm -rf ~/.gems
sudo rm -rf /Library/Ruby/Gems/*

在此 gem list 之后应该不会列出任何 gem。然后运行

sudo gem update --system

确保 Ruby Gems 是最新版本。然后你必须重新安装所有的 gem 。 (可能是 gem install bundler，然后是 bundle install)。

顺便说一句，你应该看看rbenv或 rvm用于管理 Ruby 版本并使您的所有开发 gem 与系统 Ruby 分开。