ruby-on-rails - 如何使用 Ruby/Tor 更改我的 IP 地址？

Question

我正在使用 Rails 4.2.7，并且安装了几个 Tor gem。

gem 'tor'
gem 'tor_requests'
gem 'tor-privoxy'
gem 'net-telnet'

我启动了我的 Tor 浏览器(在 Mac El Capitan 上运行)，我想定期(每 20 个请求)更改我的 TOR Web 请求的来源 IP 地址。所以我试了一下

agent = TorPrivoxy::Agent.new '127.0.0.1', '', {8118 => 9151} do |agent|
  sleep 1
  puts "New IP is #{agent.ip}"
end

但是，这会导致以下错误。我很困惑我还需要如何配置才能完成上述工作。

Error during processing: Failed to open TCP connection to 127.0.0.1:8118 (general SOCKS server failure)
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/http.rb:882:in `rescue in block in connect'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/http.rb:879:in `block in connect'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/timeout.rb:91:in `block in timeout'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/timeout.rb:101:in `timeout'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/http.rb:878:in `connect'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/http.rb:863:in `do_start'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/http.rb:858:in `start'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/net-http-persistent-2.9.4/lib/net/http/persistent.rb:700:in `start'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/net-http-persistent-2.9.4/lib/net/http/persistent.rb:631:in `connection_for'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/net-http-persistent-2.9.4/lib/net/http/persistent.rb:994:in `request'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/mechanize-2.7.5/lib/mechanize/http/agent.rb:274:in `fetch'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/mechanize-2.7.5/lib/mechanize.rb:464:in `get'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/tor-privoxy-0.1.1/lib/tor-privoxy/agent.rb:38:in `ip'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:57:in `block in get_content'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/tor-privoxy-0.1.1/lib/tor-privoxy/agent.rb:11:in `initialize'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:55:in `new'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:55:in `rescue in get_content'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:50:in `get_content'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:14:in `get_url'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/onlinerr_race_finder_service.rb:41:in `get_race_list'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/abstract_race_finder_service.rb:26:in `process_data'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/run_crawlers_service.rb:18:in `block in run_all_crawlers'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.7.1/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:46:in `each'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.7.1/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:46:in `each'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/run_crawlers_service.rb:5:in `run_all_crawlers'
(irb):2:in `irb_binding'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/workspace.rb:87:in `eval'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/workspace.rb:87:in `evaluate'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/context.rb:380:in `evaluate'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:489:in `block (2 levels) in eval_input'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:623:in `signal_status'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:486:in `block in eval_input'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/ruby-lex.rb:246:in `block (2 levels) in each_top_level_statement'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/ruby-lex.rb:232:in `loop'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/ruby-lex.rb:232:in `block in each_top_level_statement'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/ruby-lex.rb:231:in `catch'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb/ruby-lex.rb:231:in `each_top_level_statement'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:485:in `eval_input'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:395:in `block in start'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:394:in `catch'
/Users/davea/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/irb.rb:394:in `start'

如何使用 Ruby/Tor 以编程方式强制更改 IP 地址？

编辑:这是我在帮助文件中包含的内容，下面是导致的错误

require 'rubygems'
$:.unshift "./tor/lib"
require 'tor'
…
    cookie_file = '/Users/davea/Library/Application Support/TorBrowser-Data/Tor/control_auth_cookie'
    file = File.open(cookie_file, 'rb')
    cookie = file.read # read contents of auth cookie to string
    file.close

    Tor::Controller.connect(:port => 9150, :cookie => cookie) do |tor|
      tor.signal('NEWNYM') # send NEWNYM signal (gets new IP)
    end

导致 Rails 控制台的错误......

Error during processing: undefined method `signal' for #<Tor::Controller:0x007fe044b1e550>
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:87:in `block in get_content'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/tor-0.1.2/lib/tor/control.rb:38:in `connect'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:86:in `rescue in get_content'

编辑 2:

将其添加到我的 Gemfile 文件后

gem 'tor', :git => 'https://github.com/dryruby/tor.rb.git'

我运行上面的代码，现在得到了错误……

Error during processing: end of file reached
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bundler/gems/tor.rb-08e589d17196/lib/tor/control.rb:301:in `readline'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bundler/gems/tor.rb-08e589d17196/lib/tor/control.rb:301:in `read_reply'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bundler/gems/tor.rb-08e589d17196/lib/tor/control.rb:194:in `authenticate'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bundler/gems/tor.rb-08e589d17196/lib/tor/control.rb:282:in `send_command'
/Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bundler/gems/tor.rb-08e589d17196/lib/tor/control.rb:269:in `signal'
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/helpers/webpage_helper.rb:90:in `block in get_content'

Answer 1

要在 Tor 中更改 IP，您需要直接连接到 Controller (它使用类似 telnet 的基于线路的命令/响应 protocol。

看起来您正在尝试通过 Privoxy 进行连接，这不是必需的。默认情况下， Controller 仅允许本地连接。

Tor 浏览器的 Tor 配置强制使用 cookie 方法进行身份验证，无需更改 torrc 中的任何选项，您需要读取 auth cookie 的内容才能连接。

我可以使用以下代码更改 IP:

require 'rubygems'
$:.unshift "./tor/lib"
require 'tor'

# the cookie file contains a "password" for authentication, 32 random bytes
cookie_file = '/home/me/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/TorBrowser/Data/Tor/control_auth_cookie'
file = File.open(cookie_file, 'rb')
cookie = file.read # read contents of auth cookie to string
file.close

Tor::Controller.connect(:port => 9151, :cookie => cookie) do |tor|
    p tor.signal('NEWNYM') # send NEWNYM signal (gets new IP)
end

tor.signal 返回一个字符串，如果 NEWNYM 命令成功，该字符串应为“250 OK”。有一些内部速率限制可以防止它运行得太频繁(比如我认为每 10 秒一次)，这对您来说应该不是问题。

编辑:此 Gem 的 0.1.2(当前版本)不包含主分支中的 signal 方法。您需要使用最新代码或复制 their code而不是调用信号。