ruby-on-rails - 工厂女孩/Rspec - "Trait Not Registered"错误

Question

跟随 Ben Walker 的(惊人的)Let's Build Instagram With Rails ，特别是 BDD 版本。教程使用 FactoryGirl。我在多次测试中遇到以下错误:

精简版

Failure/Error: post = create( :post, user_id = user.id )<br>
ArgumentError:<br>
Trait not registered: 1

我什至无法让 Ben 用 clone of my repo 重新创建错误，我在 Stack Overflow 的“特征未注册”问题中找不到任何内容。

这是我的第一个 SO 问题，所以如果我在那个前面做错了什么，请告诉我。在此先感谢您的帮助!

代码选择:

spec/factories.rb

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :post do
    caption "nofilter"
    image Rack::Test::UploadedFile.new(Rails.root + 'spec/files/images/coffee.jpg', 'image/jpg')
    user_id 1
  end
  factory :user do
    email 'fancyfrank@gmail.com'
    user_name 'Arnie'
    password 'illbeback'
    id 1
  end
end

spec/features/viewing_posts_spec.rb

require 'spec_helper'

feature 'viewing individual posts' do
  background do
    user = create :user
    post = create( :post, user_id = user.id )

    sign_in_with user
  end

  scenario 'can click and view a post' do
    post = create(:post)

    visit '/'
    find(:xpath, "//a[contains(@href,'posts/2')]").click
    expect(page.current_path).to eq(post_path(post))
  end
end

app/models/post.rb

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user

  validates :user_id, presence: true

   validates :image, presence: true

  has_attached_file :image, styles: { :medium => "640x" }

  validates_attachment_content_type :image, :content_type => /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
end

app/models/user.rb

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  validates :user_name, presence: true, length: { minimum: 4, maximum: 16 }
  # Include default devise modules. Others available are:
  # :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable and :omniauthable
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable

  has_many :posts, dependent: :destroy
end

app/controllers/posts_controller.rb

class PostsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :authenticate_user!

  def index
    @posts = Post.all
  end

  def new
    @post = current_user.posts.build
  end

  def create
    @post = current_user.posts.build(post_params)
    if @post.save
      flash[:success] = 'Your post has been created.'
      redirect_to posts_path
    else
      flash[:alert] = 'Halt, you fiend! You need an image to post here!'
      render :new
    end
  end

  def show
    @post = Post.find(params[:id])
  end

  def edit
    @post = Post.find(params[:id])
  end

  def update
    @post = Post.find(params[:id])
    if @post.update(post_params)
      flash[:success] = 'Post updated hombre.'
      redirect_to root_path
    else
      flash[:alert] = 'Something is wrong with your form!'
      redirect_to root_path
    end
  end

  def destroy
    @post = Post.find(params[:id])
    @post.destroy
    flash[:success] = 'Problem solved!  Post deleted.'
    redirect_to root_path
  end

  private

  def post_params
    params.require(:post).permit(:caption, :image)
  end
end

完全错误(其中之一)

viewing individual posts can click and view a post
     Failure/Error: post = create( :post, user_id = user.id )
     ArgumentError:
       Trait not registered: 1
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/registry.rb:24:in `find'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/decorator.rb:10:in `method_missing'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl.rb:98:in `trait_by_name'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:113:in `trait_by_name'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:109:in `block in additional_traits'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:109:in `map'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:109:in `additional_traits'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:135:in `block in aggregate_from_traits_and_self'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:128:in `tap'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:128:in `aggregate_from_traits_and_self'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition.rb:33:in `to_create'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/definition_hierarchy.rb:16:in `build_from_definition'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory.rb:124:in `build_hierarchy'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory.rb:87:in `compile'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory.rb:32:in `run'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:23:in `block in run'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:22:in `run'
     # /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy_syntax_method_registrar.rb:20:in `block in define_singular_strategy_method'
     # ./spec/features/viewing_posts_spec.rb:6:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

Answer 1

修改您的工厂以使用关联。

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :post do
    caption "nofilter"
    image Rack::Test::UploadedFile.new(Rails.root + 'spec/files/images/coffee.jpg', 'image/jpg')
    association user
  end
  factory :user do
    email 'fancyfrank@gmail.com'
    user_name 'Arnie'
    password 'illbeback'
    sequence(:id) { |id| id }
  end
end

然后，创建用户并像这样发帖:

user = create :user
post = create(:post, user: user)

这应该有效。

查看更多关于 factory_girl associations 的信息.