ruby - 如何将 ruby​​ gem 放入 "require"的包含路径

Question

我正在创建我期望成为 ruby 的东西。任何人都有关于将简单库或插件转换为 gem 的教程的良好链接？另外，特别是，Ruby 允许 require 找到 gems 的过程是什么？这似乎不仅仅是将文件放在 gem 路径中(或者我的配置搞砸了？)。

谢谢

Answer 1

手动执行此操作实际上并不难。假设您有一个要作为 gem 分发的库 whatever.rb。

1. 创建一个目录 lib 并将 whatever.rb 的副本放入 lib/whatever.rb。
2. 制作一个文件whatever.gemspec，并在其中放入以下内容，并填写适当的值:

   
    Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
      spec.name = 'the-name-of-your-gem'
      spec.version ='0.0.1'<br/>
      # this is important - it specifies which files to include in the gem.
      spec.files = ["lib/whatever.rb"]<br/>
      # optional, but useful to your users
      spec.summary = "A more longwinded description of your gem"
      spec.author = 'Your Name'
      spec.email = 'you@yourdomain.com'
      spec.homepage = '<a href="http://www.yourpage.com" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">http://www.yourpage.com</a>'<br/>
      # you did document with RDoc, right?
      spec.has_rdoc = true<br/>
      # if you have a ruby forge project
      spec.rubyforge_project = 'your-project-name-on-rubyforge'<br/>
      # if you have any dependencies on other gems, list them thusly
      spec.add_dependency('hpricot')
      spec.add_dependency('log4r', '>= 1.0.5')
    end
   

3. 现在，要构建 gem，请使用 gem build 命令:

   % gem build whatever.gemspecSuccessfully built RubyGemName: the-name-of-your-gemVersion: 0.0.1File: the-name-of-your-gem-0.0.1.gem%

4. You can test locally by using gem install the-name-of-your-gem-0.0.1.gemTo use your library in a script then, simply do the following at the top:

   
   require 'rubygems' # puts gem libraries in the require path
   require 'whatever' # loads your library
   

有关 gemspec 文件中各种设置的更多信息，请查看 GemSpec Reference .

就个人而言，我也经常使用 ruby​​gems 来打包可执行脚本，并且发现它非常方便。