ruby-on-rails - nokogiri gem 安装错误

Question

我知道有很多关于这个 gem 的问题，但没有一个答案对我有用。

当我在 SSH gem install nokogiri 中运行时，出现此错误:

Extracting libxml2-2.8.0.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxml2/2.8.0... OK
Running patch with /home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/nokogiri-1.6.2.1/ports/patches/libxml2/0001-Fix-parser-local-buffers-size-problems.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.8.0... ERROR, review 'tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxml2/2.8.0/patch.log' to see what happened.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

我的房东告诉我所有库都已安装。以下是执行 install nokogiri 命令后的完整日志:

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
Building libxml2-2.8.0 for nokogiri with the following patches applied:
    - 0001-Fix-parser-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
    - 0002-Fix-entities-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
    - 0003-Fix-an-error-in-previous-commit.patch
    - 0004-Fix-potential-out-of-bound-access.patch
    - 0005-Detect-excessive-entities-expansion-upon-replacement.patch
    - 0006-Do-not-fetch-external-parsed-entities.patch
    - 0007-Enforce-XML_PARSER_EOF-state-handling-through-the-pa.patch
    - 0008-Improve-handling-of-xmlStopParser.patch
    - 0009-Fix-a-couple-of-return-without-value.patch
    - 0010-Keep-non-significant-blanks-node-in-HTML-parser.patch
    - 0011-Do-not-fetch-external-parameter-entities.patch
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT!  Nokogiri builds and uses a packaged version of libxml2.

If this is a concern for you and you want to use the system library
instead, abort this installation process and reinstall nokogiri as
follows:

    gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries

If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:

    bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
    bundle install

However, note that nokogiri does not necessarily support all versions
of libxml2.

For example, libxml2-2.9.0 and higher are currently known to be broken
and thus unsupported by nokogiri, due to compatibility problems and
XPath optimization bugs.
************************************************************************
ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /opt/rubies/ruby-1.9.3/bin/ruby extconf.rb
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
checking for iconv.h... yes
checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... yes
Building libxml2-2.8.0 for nokogiri with the following patches applied:
    - 0001-Fix-parser-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
    - 0002-Fix-entities-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
    - 0003-Fix-an-error-in-previous-commit.patch
    - 0004-Fix-potential-out-of-bound-access.patch
    - 0005-Detect-excessive-entities-expansion-upon-replacement.patch
    - 0006-Do-not-fetch-external-parsed-entities.patch
    - 0007-Enforce-XML_PARSER_EOF-state-handling-through-the-pa.patch
    - 0008-Improve-handling-of-xmlStopParser.patch
    - 0009-Fix-a-couple-of-return-without-value.patch
    - 0010-Keep-non-significant-blanks-node-in-HTML-parser.patch
    - 0011-Do-not-fetch-external-parameter-entities.patch
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT!  Nokogiri builds and uses a packaged version of libxml2.

If this is a concern for you and you want to use the system library
instead, abort this installation process and reinstall nokogiri as
follows:

    gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries

If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:

    bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
    bundle install

However, note that nokogiri does not necessarily support all versions
of libxml2.

For example, libxml2-2.9.0 and higher are currently known to be broken
and thus unsupported by nokogiri, due to compatibility problems and
XPath optimization bugs.
************************************************************************
Extracting libxml2-2.8.0.tar.gz into tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxml2/2.8.0... OK
Running patch with /home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/nokogiri-1.6.2.1/ports/patches/libxml2/0001-Fix-parser-local-buffers-size-problems.patch...
Running 'patch' for libxml2 2.8.0... ERROR, review 'tmp/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/ports/libxml2/2.8.0/patch.log' to see what happened.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/opt/rubies/ruby-1.9.3/bin/ruby
    --help
    --clean
    --use-system-libraries
    --enable-static
    --disable-static
    --with-zlib-dir
    --without-zlib-dir
    --with-zlib-include
    --without-zlib-include=${zlib-dir}/include
    --with-zlib-lib
    --without-zlib-lib=${zlib-dir}/lib
    --enable-cross-build
    --disable-cross-build
/home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/mini_portile-0.6.0/lib/mini_portile.rb:279:in `block in execute': Failed to complete patch task (RuntimeError)
    from /home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/mini_portile-0.6.0/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `chdir'
    from /home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/mini_portile-0.6.0/lib/mini_portile.rb:271:in `execute'
    from extconf.rb:282:in `block in patch'
    from extconf.rb:279:in `each'
    from extconf.rb:279:in `patch'
    from /home/user58952277/.gem/ruby/1.9.3/gems/mini_portile-0.6.0/lib/mini_portile.rb:108:in `cook'
    from extconf.rb:253:in `block in process_recipe'
    from extconf.rb:154:in `tap'
    from extconf.rb:154:in `process_recipe'
    from extconf.rb:419:in `<main>'

Answer 1

2020 年 4 月 6 日更新:

ma​​cOS Catalina 10.15

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/

ma​​cOS Mojave 10.14

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/

ma​​cOS High Sierra 10.13

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/

ma​​cOS Sierra 10.12:

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.12.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/

---

OS X El Capitan 10.11

gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include/libxml2/

---

如果您没有权限，请考虑添加 sudo。

---

For some reason Apple’s Yosemite version of OSX does not have a system accessible installation of libxml2. Nokogiri requires this in order to compile and luckily Xcode has a version of libxml2 bundled with it — we just need to specify it when installing the gem. It’s important to get Nokogiri installed correctly because as of right now Rails 4.2.1.rc4 automatically attempts to install it and you will feel pain.

Checkout this post for more info .