xml - PowerShell-V5 Invoke-Webrequest 添加 2 个 header 授权 header 和接受 header

Question

我正在尝试创建一个脚本，该脚本将使用 powershell 和 invoke-webrequest 自动升级 NSX，以利用 NSX Manager 的 API 调用。我对脚本很满意，但脚本的某些部分我需要检查并匹配响应中的某些数据。事实上，NSX API 响应的 90% 都是 xml 格式，但有时也可以是 json。如果响应以 json 格式出现，我的匹配将不起作用，并且脚本的某些部分也将不起作用，因为它需要 xml 并且无法将 json 转换为 xml。

据我了解，从 powershell v4 开始，您可以添加接受 header ，但问题是我已经在使用一个 header 进行授权。

是否可以在 powershell 中的 invoke-webrequest 中添加多个 header ，如果可以，会怎样。

下面是我拥有的脚本的一部分，它将检查已部署的 NSX 的当前版本。因此它将匹配响应中的一个值，该值将显示版本。

#Variables to be used within the script.
[CmdletBinding()]
$NSXUsername = "admin"
$NSXPassword = "VMware1!"
$uriP = "https://HQ-NSX-01a.nsx.gss"


# Start time.
$startclock = (Get-Date)
Write-Host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Green "Hello"
Write-Host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Green "This script will help you to automate a full NSX environment deployment"
Write-Host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Green "FULL NSX Tier Deployment for Single-VC is starting, This Deployment proccess will take an average of 60 min
========================================================================================
                                 "




# Create NSX authorization string and store in $head and used in API Calls
# $nsxcreds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential $NSXUsername,$NSXPassword
$auth = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($NSXUsername + ":" + $NSXPassword))
$head = @{"Authorization"="Basic $auth"}

# Allow untrusted SSL certs else will error out
    add-type @"
        using System.Net;
        using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
        public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
            public bool CheckValidationResult(
                ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
                WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
                return true;
            }
        }
"@
    [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy


################
#Start of Script
################

###########################################
# Checking the current deployed NSX Version
###########################################

    Write-Host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Green "      Checking the current deployed version of the NSX
                             "


    $r = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "$uriP/api/1.0/appliance-management/global/info" -Method:Get -Headers $head -ContentType "application/xml" -ErrorAction:Stop -TimeoutSec 60
    $nsxbn = ([xml]$r.Content).globalInfo.versionInfo.buildNumber

    if ($nsxbn -match "2691049") {$nsxcv = "6.1.4"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3102213") {$nsxcv = "6.1.5"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3615148") {$nsxcv = "6.1.6"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3949567") {$nsxcv = "6.1.7"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "2986609") {$nsxcv = "6.2.0"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3300239") {$nsxcv = "6.2.1"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3496286") {$nsxcv = "6.2.1a"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3604087") {$nsxcv = "6.2.2"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3638734") {$nsxcv = "6.2.2a"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3755950") {$nsxcv = "6.2.2b"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "3979471") {$nsxcv = "6.2.3"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "4167369") {$nsxcv = "6.2.3a"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "4287432") {$nsxcv = "6.2.3b"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "4292526") {$nsxcv = "6.2.4"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "4818372") {$nsxcv = "6.2.5"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "4977495") {$nsxcv = "6.2.6"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "5007049") {$nsxcv = "6.3.0"}
    elseif ($nsxbn -match "5124716") {$nsxcv = "6.3.1"}
    else {
    Write-host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Red "       Unable to retrieve the NSX version, This is either due to the current version is unknown to this script or the NSX Manager is powered off. Please check and try again."
    exit
    }

    Write-Host -BackgroundColor:Black -ForegroundColor:Green "      Current version of NSX deployed and to be upgraded is $nsxcv
                             "

如果是 xml 格式的响应如下，我将匹配版本。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<globalInfo>
    <currentLoggedInUser>admin</currentLoggedInUser>
    <versionInfo>
        <majorVersion>6</majorVersion>
        <minorVersion>1</minorVersion>
        <patchVersion>5</patchVersion>
        <buildNumber>3102213</buildNumber>    <<<--- this is my match
    </versionInfo>
</globalInfo>

如果响应是 xml 格式(90% 的时间)，上面的脚本就可以正常工作，但如果是 json，我将得到以下错误并且脚本将退出。

Cannot convert value "{"currentLoggedInUser":"admin","versionInfo":{"majorVersion":"6","minorVersion":"1","patchVersion":"5","buildNumber":"3102213"}}" 
to type "System.Xml.XmlDocument". Error: "The specified node cannot be inserted as the valid child of this node, because the specified node is the wrong 
type."
At C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Scripts  Folder\NSX-Auto-Upgrade-Single.ps1:68 char:2
+     $nsxbn = ([xml]$r.Content).globalInfo.versionInfo.buildNumber
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvalidCastToXmlDocument

非常感谢您的帮助。

谢谢。

Answer 1

我了解到您打算通过 powershell 向 REST API 调用添加多个 header 。而不是像这样添加标题，

$head = @{"Authorization"="Basic $auth"}

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "$uriP/api/1.0/appliance-management/global/info" -Method:Get -Headers $head -ContentType "application/xml" -ErrorAction:Stop -TimeoutSec 60

你可以这样添加它们

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "$uriP/api/1.0/appliance-management/global/info" -Method:Get -Headers @{"Authorization"="Basic $auth"; "Accept"="application/xml"} -ContentType "application/xml" -ErrorAction:Stop -TimeoutSec 60

来源:http://community.idera.com/powershell/ask_the_experts/f/learn_powershell_from_don_jones-24/20461/invoke-restmethod-passing-header-values