python - 在python中解析一个特殊的xml

Question

我有一个特殊的 xml 文件，如下所示:

<alarm-dictionary source="DDD" type="ProxyComponent">

    <alarm code="402" severity="Alarm" name="DDM_Alarm_402">
    <message>Database memory usage low threshold crossed</message>
    <description>dnKinds = database
    type = quality_of_service
    perceived_severity = minor
    probable_cause = thresholdCrossed
    additional_text = Database memory usage low threshold crossed
    </description>
    </alarm>

        ...
</alarm-dictionary>

我知道在 python 中，我可以通过以下方式获取标签 alarm 中的“警报代码”、“严重性”:

for alarm_tag in dom.getElementsByTagName('alarm'):
    if alarm_tag.hasAttribute('code'):
        alarmcode = str(alarm_tag.getAttribute('code'))

而且我可以在标签 message 中获取文本，如下所示:

for messages_tag in dom.getElementsByTagName('message'):
    messages = ""
    for message_tag in messages_tag.childNodes:
        if message_tag.nodeType in (message_tag.TEXT_NODE, message_tag.CDATA_SECTION_NODE):
            messages += message_tag.data

但我也想获得值，如dnkind(数据库)、type(quality_of_service)、perceived_severity(thresholdCrossed) and probable_cause(超过数据库内存使用率低阈值) 在标签描述中。

就是我也想解析xml中tag里面的内容。

谁能帮我解决这个问题？非常感谢!

Answer 1

一旦您从 description 标签中获得文本，它就与 XML 解析无关。您只需要进行简单的字符串解析，即可将 type = quality_of_service 键/值字符串转换为更适合在 Python 中使用的内容，例如字典

借助 ElementTree 进行了一些稍微简单的解析, 它看起来像这样

messages = """
<alarm-dictionary source="DDD" type="ProxyComponent">

    <alarm code="402" severity="Alarm" name="DDM_Alarm_402">
    <message>Database memory usage low threshold crossed</message>
    <description>dnKinds = database
    type = quality_of_service
    perceived_severity = minor
    probable_cause = thresholdCrossed
    additional_text = Database memory usage low threshold crossed
    </description>
    </alarm>

        ...
</alarm-dictionary>
"""

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

# Parse XML
tree = ET.fromstring(messages)

for alarm in tree.getchildren():
    # Get code and severity
    print alarm.get("code")
    print alarm.get("severity")

    # Grab description text
    descr = alarm.find("description").text

    # Parse "thing=other" into dict like {'thing': 'other'}
    info = {}
    for dl in descr.splitlines():
        if len(dl.strip()) > 0:
            key, _, value = dl.partition("=")
            info[key.strip()] = value.strip()
    print info