python - XML 和 Python : Get the namespaces declared in root element

Question

如何访问 XML 树根元素处的多个 xmlns 声明？例如:

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
data = """<root
             xmlns:one="http://www.first.uri/here/"
             xmlns:two="http://www.second.uri/here/">

          ...all other child elements here...
          </root>"""

tree = ET.fromstring(data)
# I don't know what to do here afterwards

我想得到一个类似于这个的字典，或者至少是某种格式，以便更容易地获取 URI 和匹配的标签

{'one':"http://www.first.uri/here/", 'two':"http://www.second.uri/here/"}

Answer 1

我不确定如何使用 xml.etree 完成此操作，但使用 lxml.etree你可以这样做:

import lxml.etree as le
data = """<root
             xmlns:one="http://www.first.uri/here/"
             xmlns:two="http://www.second.uri/here/">

          ...all other child elements here...
          </root>"""

tree = le.XML(data)
print(tree.nsmap)
# {'two': 'http://www.second.uri/here/', 'one': 'http://www.first.uri/here/'}