python - 通过遍历列表用 python 创建 XML 文件

Question

我正在尝试获取一个看起来像这样的 xml 文件，以便我可以将其导入到 moodle 成绩册中:

<results>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我尝试用 python 编写一些代码，在仔细阅读文档后，我能想到的最好的是:

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET

students = [1,2]
assignments=[100,101,102]
scores=[0,4,10]
results = ET.Element("results")
result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):
        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])
        results.append(result)
tree = ET.ElementTree(results)
tree.write('test.xml')

这几乎给了我想要的，但最后一个条目似乎覆盖了所有以前的条目，如下所示:

<results>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我试图找到一个解决方案，但似乎大多数问题都解决了编写具有不同元素的 xml 文件的问题。我想不通的是如何使用相同的元素标签，但为每个标签分配不同的值。

Answer 1

你需要做两件事:

• 移动行Eli建议进入 for 循环。
• 从 for 循环中删除行:results.append(result)。 SubElement 工厂将父元素作为其第一个参数(如您所知)并将新创建的实例附加到 parent 。因此你不需要再次附加它(你不会得到任何错误，但你会得到一组不同的结果你指定的)。

你的循环应该是这样的:

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):

        result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
        student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
        assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
        score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])