c# - 如何有条件地以不太冗长的方式写出 XML？

Question

我想用 C# 写一个 xml 文件。这是一个像这样的基本文件:

<EmployeeConfiguration>
  <Bosses>
    <Boss name="BOB">
      <Employees>
        <Employee Id="#0001" />
        <Employee Id="#0002" />
      </Employees>
    <Boss>
  </Bosses>
</EmployeeConfiguration>

如果没有 Employee 节点，我不想有 Employees 节点...

我想使用 XElement 但我不能因为那个...所以我使用了 XmlWriter。它工作正常，但我发现编写 XML 非常冗长:

EmployeeConfiguration config = EmployeeConfiguration.GetConfiguration();

using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(_fileUri, settings))
{
  writer.WriteStartDocument();

  // <EmployeeConfiguration>
  writer.WriteStartElement("EmployeeConfiguration");

  if (config.Bosses.Count > 0)
  {
    // <Bosses>
    writer.WriteStartElement("Bosses");

    foreach (Boss b in config.Bosses)
    {
      // Boss
      writer.WriteStartElement("Boss");
      writer.WriteStartAttribute("name");
      writer.WriteString(b.Name);
      writer.WriteEndAttribute();

      if (b.Employees.Count > 0)
      {
        writer.WriteStartElement("Employees");

        foreach (Employee emp in b.Employees)
        {
            writer.WriteStartElement(Employee);
            writer.WriteStartAttribute(Id);
            writer.WriteString(emp.Id);
            writer.WriteEndAttribute();
            writer.WriteEndElement();
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

是否有另一种(也是最快的)方法来编写这种 xml 文件？

Answer 1

如果您的意思是“最快”是编写代码的最快方式(也是最简单的方式)，那么创建一个自定义类并使用 XmlSerializer 序列化它。是要走的路...

按如下方式创建您的类:

[XmlRoot("EmployeeConfiguration")]
public class EmployeeConfiguration
{
    [XmlArray("Bosses")]
    [XmlArrayItem("Boss")]
    public List<Boss> Bosses { get; set; }
}

public class Boss
{
    [XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [XmlArray("Employees")]
    [XmlArrayItem("Employee")]
    public List<Employee> Employees { get; set; }
}

public class Employee
{
    [XmlAttribute]
    public string Id { get; set; }
}

然后你可以用这个序列化它们:

// create a serializer for the root type above
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof (EmployeeConfiguration));

// by default, the serializer will write out the "xsi" and "xsd" namespaces to any output.
// you don't want these, so this will inhibit it.
var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new [] { new XmlQualifiedName("", "") });

// serialize to stream or writer
serializer.Serialize(outputStreamOrWriter, config, namespaces);

如您所见 - 在类上使用各种属性指示序列化程序应如何序列化该类。我在上面包含的一些设置实际上是默认设置，不需要明确说明 - 但我包含它们是为了向您展示它是如何完成的。