C#:如何打开选择了多个文件的 Windows 资源管理器窗口

Question

在 Windows Media Player 的媒体库中，您可以选择一个或多个音乐文件。然后您可以右键单击并在上下文菜单中选择打开文件位置。这将为文件所在的每个目录打开一个 Windows 资源管理器窗口，并为您选择文件。

假设我们的库中有一堆 mp3 文件，其中三个是:

• Z:\Music\Thursday Blues\01。我希望是星期五.mp3
• Z:\Music\Counting Sheep\01。绵羊#1.mp3
• Z:\Music\Counting Sheep\02.绵羊#2.mp3

如果我们选择这三个(在所有这些都可见的 View 中)并执行打开文件位置，那么将弹出两个资源管理器窗口。一个是带有 01 的 Z:\Music\Thursday Blues 文件夹。我希望它是 friday.mp3 被选中，另一个将是 *Z:\Music\Counting Sheep** 文件夹，同时 01。绵羊 #1.mp3 和 02。绵羊 #2.mp3 已选中。

我如何在 C# 中自己完成此操作？我们有一个应用程序将数据导出为各种格式，例如 CSV 和 Excel，我想打开资源管理器窗口，并在创建这些文件并准备好查看它们时将其选中。目前我只是执行 Process.Start(path)，这很有效，但我也希望能够突出显示那些特定的文件。会使刚刚创建的文件更加明显。

---

Windows Media Player 做的真好...我也想做 =/这里有任何 Microsoft 员工可以弄清楚如何完成吗？ (一)

Answer 1

在一位同事遇到问题后寻找答案，但我没有找到答案，所以我写了一个小类来做这个。代码is on Gist我将在本文末尾粘贴当前版本。

对于您的示例文件，语法将是:

ShowSelectedInExplorer.FilesOrFolders(
    @"Z:\Music\Thursday Blues\01. I wish it was friday.mp3",
    @"Z:\Music\Counting Sheep\01. Sheep #1.mp3",
    @"Z:\Music\Counting Sheep\02. Sheep #2.mp3"
    );

与低级 API 相比，我的代码有一些限制，主要是:

• 桌面上的选择没有实现
• 父目录必须是目录或驱动器，因此您不能在“我的电脑”文件夹中选择多个驱动器。

无论如何，这是 ShowSelectedInExplorer 类的源代码:

namespace SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

    static class ShowSelectedInExplorer
    {
        [Flags]
        enum SHCONT : ushort
        {
            SHCONTF_CHECKING_FOR_CHILDREN = 0x0010,
            SHCONTF_FOLDERS = 0x0020,
            SHCONTF_NONFOLDERS = 0x0040,
            SHCONTF_INCLUDEHIDDEN = 0x0080,
            SHCONTF_INIT_ON_FIRST_NEXT = 0x0100,
            SHCONTF_NETPRINTERSRCH = 0x0200,
            SHCONTF_SHAREABLE = 0x0400,
            SHCONTF_STORAGE = 0x0800,
            SHCONTF_NAVIGATION_ENUM = 0x1000,
            SHCONTF_FASTITEMS = 0x2000,
            SHCONTF_FLATLIST = 0x4000,
            SHCONTF_ENABLE_ASYNC = 0x8000
        }

        [ComImport,
        Guid("000214E6-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),
        InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown),
        ComConversionLoss]
        interface IShellFolder
        {
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void ParseDisplayName(IntPtr hwnd, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IBindCtx pbc, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDisplayName, [Out] out uint pchEaten, [Out] out IntPtr ppidl, [In, Out] ref uint pdwAttributes);
            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int EnumObjects([In] IntPtr hwnd, [In] SHCONT grfFlags, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IEnumIDList ppenumIDList);

            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int BindToObject([In] IntPtr pidl, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IBindCtx pbc, [In] ref Guid riid, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellFolder ppv);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void BindToStorage([In] ref IntPtr pidl, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IBindCtx pbc, [In] ref Guid riid, out IntPtr ppv);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void CompareIDs([In] IntPtr lParam, [In] ref IntPtr pidl1, [In] ref IntPtr pidl2);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void CreateViewObject([In] IntPtr hwndOwner, [In] ref Guid riid, out IntPtr ppv);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void GetAttributesOf([In] uint cidl, [In] IntPtr apidl, [In, Out] ref uint rgfInOut);


            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void GetUIObjectOf([In] IntPtr hwndOwner, [In] uint cidl, [In] IntPtr apidl, [In] ref Guid riid, [In, Out] ref uint rgfReserved, out IntPtr ppv);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void GetDisplayNameOf([In] ref IntPtr pidl, [In] uint uFlags, out IntPtr pName);

            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            void SetNameOf([In] IntPtr hwnd, [In] ref IntPtr pidl, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszName, [In] uint uFlags, [Out] IntPtr ppidlOut);
        }

        [ComImport,
        Guid("000214F2-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),
        InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        interface IEnumIDList
        {
            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int Next(uint celt, IntPtr rgelt, out uint pceltFetched);

            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int Skip([In] uint celt);

            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int Reset();

            [PreserveSig]
            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall, MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int Clone([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IEnumIDList ppenum);
        }

        static class NativeMethods
        {
            [DllImport("shell32.dll", EntryPoint = "SHGetDesktopFolder", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode,
                SetLastError = true)]
            static extern int SHGetDesktopFolder_([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IShellFolder ppshf);

            public static IShellFolder SHGetDesktopFolder()
            {
                IShellFolder result;
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(SHGetDesktopFolder_(out result));
                return result;
            }

            [DllImport("shell32.dll", EntryPoint = "SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems")]
            static extern int SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems_(
                [In] IntPtr pidlFolder, uint cidl, [In, Optional, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IntPtr[] apidl,
                int dwFlags);

            public static void SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems(IntPtr pidlFolder, IntPtr[] apidl, int dwFlags)
            {
                var cidl = (apidl != null) ? (uint)apidl.Length : 0U;
                var result = SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems_(pidlFolder, cidl, apidl, dwFlags);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(result);
            }

            [DllImport("shell32.dll")]
            public static extern void ILFree([In] IntPtr pidl);
        }

        static IntPtr GetShellFolderChildrenRelativePIDL(IShellFolder parentFolder, string displayName)
        {
            uint pchEaten;
            uint pdwAttributes = 0;
            IntPtr ppidl;
            parentFolder.ParseDisplayName(IntPtr.Zero, null, displayName, out pchEaten, out ppidl, ref pdwAttributes);

            return ppidl;
        }

        static IntPtr PathToAbsolutePIDL(string path)
        {
            var desktopFolder = NativeMethods.SHGetDesktopFolder();
            return GetShellFolderChildrenRelativePIDL(desktopFolder, path);
        }

        static Guid IID_IShellFolder = typeof(IShellFolder).GUID;

        static IShellFolder PIDLToShellFolder(IShellFolder parent, IntPtr pidl)
        {
            IShellFolder folder;
            var result = parent.BindToObject(pidl, null, ref IID_IShellFolder, out folder);
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR((int)result);
            return folder;
        }

        static IShellFolder PIDLToShellFolder(IntPtr pidl)
        {
            return PIDLToShellFolder(NativeMethods.SHGetDesktopFolder(), pidl);
        }

        static void SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems(IntPtr pidlFolder, IntPtr[] apidl, bool edit)
        {
            NativeMethods.SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems(pidlFolder, apidl, edit ? 1 : 0);
        }

        public static void FileOrFolder(string path, bool edit = false)
        {
            if (path == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("path");

            var pidl = PathToAbsolutePIDL(path);
            try
            {
                SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems(pidl, null, edit);
            }
            finally
            {
                NativeMethods.ILFree(pidl);
            }
        }

        static IEnumerable<FileSystemInfo> PathToFileSystemInfo(IEnumerable<string> paths)
        {
            foreach (var path in paths)
            {
                var fixedPath = path;
                if (fixedPath.EndsWith(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString())
                    || fixedPath.EndsWith(Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar.ToString()))
                {
                    fixedPath = fixedPath.Remove(fixedPath.Length - 1);
                }

                if (Directory.Exists(fixedPath))
                {
                    yield return new DirectoryInfo(fixedPath);
                }
                else if (File.Exists(fixedPath))
                {
                    yield return new FileInfo(fixedPath);
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new FileNotFoundException
                        (string.Format("The specified file or folder doesn't exists : {0}", fixedPath),
                        fixedPath);
                }
            }
        }

        public static void FilesOrFolders(string parentDirectory, ICollection<string> filenames)
        {
            if (filenames == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("filenames");
            if (filenames.Count == 0) return;

            var parentPidl = PathToAbsolutePIDL(parentDirectory);
            try
            {
                var parent = PIDLToShellFolder(parentPidl);
                var filesPidl = filenames
                    .Select(filename => GetShellFolderChildrenRelativePIDL(parent, filename))
                    .ToArray();

                try
                {
                    SHOpenFolderAndSelectItems(parentPidl, filesPidl, false);
                }
                finally
                {
                    foreach (var pidl in filesPidl)
                    {
                        NativeMethods.ILFree(pidl);
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                NativeMethods.ILFree(parentPidl);
            }
        }

        public static void FilesOrFolders(params string[] paths)
        {
            FilesOrFolders((IEnumerable<string>)paths);
        }

        public static void FilesOrFolders(IEnumerable<string> paths)
        {
            if (paths == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("paths");

            FilesOrFolders(PathToFileSystemInfo(paths));
        }

        public static void FilesOrFolders(IEnumerable<FileSystemInfo> paths)
        {
            if (paths == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("paths");
            var pathsArray = paths.ToArray();
            if (pathsArray.Count() == 0) return;

            var explorerWindows = pathsArray.GroupBy(p => Path.GetDirectoryName(p.FullName));

            foreach (var explorerWindowPaths in explorerWindows)
            {
                var parentDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(explorerWindowPaths.First().FullName);
                FilesOrFolders(parentDirectory, explorerWindowPaths.Select(fsi => fsi.Name).ToList());
            }
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {

            var test = 3;
            switch (test)
            {
                case 0:
                    var mydocs = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
                    ShowSelectedInExplorer.FileOrFolder(Path.Combine(mydocs, "Visual Studio 2010"), edit: true);

                    break;

                case 1:
                    ShowSelectedInExplorer.FileOrFolder(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.UserProfile));
                    break;

                case 2:
                    ShowSelectedInExplorer.FilesOrFolders(@"C:\Windows\", new[] { "Microsoft.NET", "System32", "Setup" });
                    break;

                case 3:
                    ShowSelectedInExplorer.FilesOrFolders(@"C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\", @"C:\Windows\System32", @"C:\Windows\Setup", @"C:\Program Files");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}