c# - 使用存储 C#.Net CNG 中的 key 的 ECDSA 签名文件

Question

我正在尝试使用 CNG API 和来自 Microsoft 证书存储的证书对带有 ECDSA 的文件进行签名。我已经阅读了很多文档并且几乎完成了但是我对从证书中导入私钥感到困惑。我已经用 RSA 完成了同样的事情，但它的完成方式似乎非常不同。这是我到目前为止的代码:

    static void signFile()
    {
        X509Certificate2 myCert = 
             selectCert(StoreName.My, 
                        StoreLocation.CurrentUser, 
                        "Select a Certificate",
                        "Please select a certificate from the list below:");

        Console.Write("Path for file to sign: ");
        string path = Console.ReadLine();
        TextReader file = null;
        try
        {
            file = new StreamReader(path);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            Console.Write("\nPress any key to return to the main menu: ");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        UnicodeEncoding encoding = new UnicodeEncoding();
        byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(file.ReadToEnd());
        ECDsaCng dsa = new ECDsaCng(
            CngKey.Import(StringToByteArray(myCert.PrivateKey.ToString()),
                          CngKeyBlobFormat.EccPrivateBlob,
                          CngProvider.MicrosoftSoftwareKeyStorageProvider));

        dsa.HashAlgorithm = CngAlgorithm.Sha384;
        byte[] sig = dsa.SignData(data);
        TextWriter signatureFile = new StreamWriter("signature.txt");
        signatureFile.WriteLine("-----BEGIN SHA384 SIGNATURE-----" + 
                                ByteArrayToString(sig) + 
                                "-----END SHA384 SIGNATURE-----");
        signatureFile.Close();
    }

我得到了错误

System.NotSupportedException: The certificate key algorithm is not supported.

我的证书是 ECDSA_P256 sha384ECDSA，具有以下扩展名:

Digital Signature, Non-repudiation, independent signing revocation list (CRL), CRL Signing (CRL) (c2)
Server Authentication (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1)
Client Authentication (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2)
Code Signing (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3)
Unknown Key Usage (1.3.6.1.4.1.311.2.1.22)
Unknown Key Usage (1.3.6.1.4.1.311.2.1.21)
IKE-intermediary IP-security (1.3.6.1.5.5.8.2.2)

看起来好像证书是问题所在，但我不确定是否是代码问题。

---

这是我的带有公钥的证书:

Certificate:
Data:
    Version: 3 (0x2)
    Serial Number: 2 (0x2)
Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA384
    Issuer: C=##, O=#######, OU=#####, OU=#####, CN=###########
    Validity
        Not Before: Apr 27 16:35:51 2012 GMT
        Not After : Apr 26 16:35:51 2017 GMT
    Subject: C=##, O=###########, OU=#####, CN=#############
    Subject Public Key Info:
        Public Key Algorithm: id-ecPublicKey
            Public-Key: (256 bit)
            pub:
                04:fc:d5:ce:ad:1f:0c:19:b9:3d:2b:bd:7d:f0:8c:
                44:46:db:e3:42:14:b1:1a:9f:7c:ab:e1:be:ad:a5:
                0c:03:2d:0f:ff:3f:10:d4:69:eb:4c:82:a1:2a:61:
                56:45:03:04:a6:49:f7:16:6e:dd:60:22:c6:20:c5:
                4d:44:49:21:41
            ASN1 OID: prime256v1
    X509v3 extensions:
        X509v3 Key Usage: critical
            Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, CRL Sign
        X509v3 Extended Key Usage: critical
            TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication, Co
de Signing, Microsoft Commercial Code Signing, Microsoft Individual Code Signing
, 1.3.6.1.5.5.8.2.2
        X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
            DirName:/C=##/O=#######/OU=#####/OU=#####/CN=######
            serial:01
        X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
            B7:A8:F9:55:9A:43:9E:BE:1C:4B:62:52:91:C2:F1:39:72:E1:CE:1B
        X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
            CA:FALSE
Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA384
     30:81:88:02:42:01:75:55:f3:64:f9:aa:2a:66:55:b1:ca:dc:
     86:ac:1f:7d:2a:ec:10:87:db:74:88:0e:77:e3:18:82:15:a7:
     32:91:1a:2d:ea:07:2e:78:8d:dc:8a:18:3c:2b:5a:9b:6a:0f:
     97:f6:f8:8d:c5:fc:0e:9f:20:e9:b0:16:90:1a:c4:58:ac:02:
     42:01:dc:b3:88:ae:44:54:c4:e0:b7:c2:37:88:0b:19:6b:96:
     99:f7:21:12:45:12:21:e5:ab:83:39:a6:47:3a:08:87:b0:fa:
     0e:31:1b:97:83:8d:65:30:a1:43:c1:82:27:77:6e:93:89:1b:
     bd:57:b1:7a:54:9e:cc:e1:44:cc:74:16:c5

Answer 1

.NET 4.6.1 核心需求解决了这个问题。新代码将是

...
byte[] sig;
using (ECDsa ecdsa = cert.GetECDsaPrivateKey())
{
    if (ecdsa == null) throw new Exception("Not an ECDSA cert, or has no private key");

    sig = ecdsa.SignData(data, HashAlgorithmName.SHA384);
}

.NET 4.6.1 还解决了某些证书 key 作为 ECDH 返回并因此失败的问题。 (好吧，它没有解决一些私钥被认为是 ECDH 的问题——这与 Server Auth EKU 无关，但这是一个很好的猜测——但认为这些 key 现在有效)。