nginx - 将 nginx 配置为端口 80 和 443 上的反向代理，用于在 8000 上运行的 webapp。如何禁用与端口 8000 的连接？

Question

我将 nginx 配置为端口 80 和 443 上的反向代理，并让 Certbot 自动管理 SSL 证书。

我的 Golang webapp 在端口 8000 上运行。任何人都可以通过非 https IP 地址访问 Web 应用程序到端口为 :8000 的 Web 服务器。

除了阻止所有到 :8000 的流量之外，什么是禁用端口的正确方法，以便 Web 服务器只为 80 和 443 提供流量?

好的，我让我的 Go 应用程序只提供 127.0.0.1:8000 而不是 :8000 现在当我导航到我的服务器的 IP 地址时，我得到一个 404 not found 页面。我根本不想要我的服务器的 IP 地址。我如何在 nginx 中配置它？

另外，nginx 文档说使用 @proxy 来“代理一切”:https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/#proxy-everything (在这里阅读)。我的配置是否正确？

这是我的 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 的 nginx 配置:

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 20000;
}

http {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/json;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    # Include server blocks.
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*.conf;
}

这是 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default_server.conf 的 nginx 配置:

upstream default_server {
    server 127.0.0.1:8001;
    keepalive 12;
}

server {
    server_tokens off;
    server_name api.example.com;

    client_body_buffer_size     32k;
    client_header_buffer_size   8k;
    large_client_header_buffers 8 64k;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8001;
   }

   location @proxy {
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
   }

    listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on; # managed by Certbot
    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/api.example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/api.example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

}



server {
    if ($host = api.example.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name api.example.com;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot


}

Answer 1

您可以对您的应用程序进行编码，使其不会对每个地址作出答复。相反，它只需要回答来自本地主机的请求。

例如:

    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("127.0.0.1:8000", router))