mysql - 如何将迁移与可执行文件绑定(bind)

Question

我有一个使用 goose 的 Go 项目用于 Mysql 迁移。我想将迁移绑定(bind)到包可执行文件，以便可以独立于任何系统部署和使用可执行文件，类似于 JAVA 项目中的 JAR 文件。

Go 中是否有等效项来完成此操作？

Answer 1

如何获取可以迁移数据库和工作的单个文件

1. 安装

   go get -u github.com/pressly/goose/cmd/goose
   

2. 制作应用。我基于 examplemain.go 并添加了 run 选项。假设您的项目位于 github.com/user/project:

   package main
   
   import (
       "database/sql"
       "flag"
       "log"
       "os"
   
       "github.com/pressly/goose"
   
       // Init DB drivers. -- here I recommend remove unnecessary - but it's up to you
       _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
       _ "github.com/lib/pq"
       _ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
       _ "github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv"
   
       // here our migrations will live  -- use your path 
       _ "github.com/user/project/migrations"
   )
   
   var (
       flags = flag.NewFlagSet("goose", flag.ExitOnError)
       dir   = flags.String("dir", ".", "directory with migration files")
   )
   
   func main() {
       flags.Usage = usage
       flags.Parse(os.Args[1:])
   
       args := flags.Args()
   
       //////
       if len(args) > 1 && args[0] == "run" {
          log.Printf("PROGRAM RUN\n")  //
          ..... 
          os.Exit(0)
       }
   
   
       if len(args) > 1 && args[0] == "create" {
           if err := goose.Run("create", nil, *dir, args[1:]...); err != nil {
               log.Fatalf("goose run: %v", err)
           }
           return
       }
   
       if len(args) < 3 {
           flags.Usage()
           return
       }
   
       if args[0] == "-h" || args[0] == "--help" {
           flags.Usage()
           return
       }
   
       driver, dbstring, command := args[0], args[1], args[2]
   
       switch driver {
       case "postgres", "mysql", "sqlite3", "redshift":
           if err := goose.SetDialect(driver); err != nil {
               log.Fatal(err)
           }
       default:
           log.Fatalf("%q driver not supported\n", driver)
       }
   
       switch dbstring {
       case "":
           log.Fatalf("-dbstring=%q not supported\n", dbstring)
       default:
       }
   
       if driver == "redshift" {
           driver = "postgres"
       }
   
       db, err := sql.Open(driver, dbstring)
       if err != nil {
           log.Fatalf("-dbstring=%q: %v\n", dbstring, err)
       }
   
       arguments := []string{}
       if len(args) > 3 {
           arguments = append(arguments, args[3:]...)
       }
   
       if err := goose.Run(command, db, *dir, arguments...); err != nil {
           log.Fatalf("goose run: %v", err)
       }
   }
   
   func usage() {
       log.Print(usagePrefix)
       flags.PrintDefaults()
       log.Print(usageCommands)
   }
   
   var (
       usagePrefix = `Usage: goose [OPTIONS] DRIVER DBSTRING COMMAND
   Drivers:
       postgres
       mysql
       sqlite3
       redshift
   Examples:
       goose sqlite3 ./foo.db status
       goose sqlite3 ./foo.db create init sql
       goose sqlite3 ./foo.db create add_some_column sql
       goose sqlite3 ./foo.db create fetch_user_data go
       goose sqlite3 ./foo.db up
       goose postgres "user=postgres dbname=postgres sslmode=disable" status
       goose mysql "user:password@/dbname?parseTime=true" status
       goose redshift "postgres://user:password@qwerty.us-east-1.redshift.amazonaws.com:5439/db"
   status
   Options:
   `
   
       usageCommands = `
   Commands:
       up                   Migrate the DB to the most recent version available
       up-to VERSION        Migrate the DB to a specific VERSION
       down                 Roll back the version by 1
       down-to VERSION      Roll back to a specific VERSION
       redo                 Re-run the latest migration
       status               Dump the migration status for the current DB
       version              Print the current version of the database
       create NAME [sql|go] Creates new migration file with next version
   `
   )
   

3. 创建迁移文件夹:

   mkdir migrations && cd migrations
   

4. 创建第一个迁移。我们将使用 go 风格的迁移:

   goose mysql "user:password@/dbname?parseTime=true" create init go
   

   您将获得一个包含 Go 代码的文件 00001_init.go。迁移作为 SQL 命令在其中烘焙。只需根据需要编辑它们即可。

5. 然后转到主文件夹并构建应用程序:

   cd ..
   go build -v -o myapp *.go
   

6. 您将获得一个文件 myapp，其中包含所有迁移。要检查将它移动到其他地方，例如 /tmp 文件夹，然后从那里运行:

   ./myapp mysql "user:password@/dbname?parseTime=true" status
   

7. 运行您的应用:

   ./myapp run
   

结果

您有一个文件可以用作迁移工具，也可以用作工作应用程序本身。所有迁移都是内置的。在源代码中，它们存储在子包 migrations 中 - 因此很容易编辑。