linux - Ubuntu Zsh(通过 Vagrant)没有找到 Zsh 或其功能

Question

我有一个 Vagrant 配置脚本，如果 Zsh 不可用，它会尝试安装它，然后更改 shell 以使用 Zsh。

我认为我遇到了两个问题:

首先是我不相信 shell 会更改为 Zsh，因为当我运行 vagrant ssh 访问 Ubuntu VM 并在那里运行 ps -p $$ 该命令表明 Bash 是正在运行的 shell(我期望 Zsh)。

第二个问题是，如果它正在更改为 Zsh shell(不管 ps -p $$ 返回什么)然后 Zsh 会显示很多错误我获取 .zshrc 文件，这表明指定的函数丢失或未被正确引用。

---

我将通过手动安装 Zsh 而不是通过 Vagrant 配置脚本将其分解为多个步骤...

1. cat/etc/shells -> 我没有看到对 Zsh 的引用†
2. sudo apt-get update
3. sudo apt-get install zsh≠
4. cat/etc/shells -> 现在有 /bin/zsh 和 /usr/bin/zsh
5. 哪个zsh -> /usr/bin/zsh
6. zsh --version -> zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
7. chsh -s $(which zsh)
8. source .zshrc -> 很多错误发送到标准输出~~
9. tree/usr/share/zsh/ -> 见下面**输出，但注意 function 目录不在 5.0.2 目录？

我认为 Zsh 更有可能没有被更改为，因为如果我执行命令 zsh 我会被带到一个新的 shell 环境，如果我然后运行 ​​source .zshrc 我没有收到任何错误。另外，如果我现在运行 ps -p $$，我会看到 Zsh 被报告为正在运行的 shell。

我的整个 Vagrant 配置脚本可以在这个问题的底部找到。

† 我看到的 shell 列表是:

/bin/sh
/bin/dash
/bin/bash
/bin/rbash
/usr/bin/tmux
/usr/bin/screen

≠ 输出为:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  zsh-common
Suggested packages:
  zsh-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  zsh zsh-common
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 55 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,726 kB of archives.
After this operation, 11.4 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main zsh-common all 5.0.2-3ubuntu6 [2,119 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main zsh amd64 5.0.2-3ubuntu6 [607 kB]
Fetched 2,726 kB in 6s (420 kB/s)                                              
Selecting previously unselected package zsh-common.
(Reading database ... 61742 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../zsh-common_5.0.2-3ubuntu6_all.deb ...
Unpacking zsh-common (5.0.2-3ubuntu6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package zsh.
Preparing to unpack .../zsh_5.0.2-3ubuntu6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking zsh (5.0.2-3ubuntu6) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ...
Setting up zsh-common (5.0.2-3ubuntu6) ...
Setting up zsh (5.0.2-3ubuntu6) ...
update-alternatives: using /bin/zsh5 to provide /bin/zsh (zsh) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /bin/zsh5 to provide /bin/rzsh (rzsh) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/rzsh.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/zsh.1.gz (of link group rzsh) doesn't exist

~~ 下面是错误列表，而 Zsh 配置文件可以在这里看到 https://github.com/Integralist/dotfiles/blob/linux/.zshrc

autoload: command not found
zmodload: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
No command 'zstyle' found, did you mean:
 Command 'astyle' from package 'astyle' (universe)
 Command 'style' from package 'diction' (universe)
zstyle: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
bindkey: command not found
autoload: command not found
No command 'colors' found, did you mean:
 Command 'xcolors' from package 'xcolors' (universe)
colors: command not found
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_no_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
-bash: %{$fg_bold[${(L)COLOR}]%}: bad substitution
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
unsetopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
No command 'setopt' found, did you mean:
 Command 'getopt' from package 'util-linux' (main)
setopt: command not found
autoload: command not found

** /usr/share/zsh 目录中 tree 命令的输出:

/usr/share/zsh/
├── 5.0.2
│   └── scripts
│       └── newuser
├── functions
│   ├── Calendar
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── Calendar.zwc
│   ├── Chpwd
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── Chpwd.zwc
│   ├── Completion
│   │   ├── AIX
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── AIX.zwc
│   │   ├── Base
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Base.zwc
│   │   ├── bashcompinit
│   │   ├── BSD
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── BSD.zwc
│   │   ├── compaudit
│   │   ├── compdump
│   │   ├── compinit
│   │   ├── compinstall
│   │   ├── Cygwin
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Cygwin.zwc
│   │   ├── Darwin
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Darwin.zwc
│   │   ├── Debian
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Debian.zwc
│   │   ├── Linux
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Linux.zwc
│   │   ├── Mandriva
│   │   │   ├── _rebootin
│   │   │   └── _urpmi
│   │   ├── Mandriva.zwc
│   │   ├── openSUSE
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── openSUSE.zwc
│   │   ├── Redhat
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Redhat.zwc
│   │   ├── Solaris
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Solaris.zwc
│   │   ├── Unix
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── Unix.zwc
│   │   ├── X
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   ├── X.zwc
│   │   ├── Zsh
│   │   │   ├── ...
│   │   └── Zsh.zwc
│   ├── Completion.zwc
│   ├── Exceptions
│   │   ├── catch
│   │   └── throw
│   ├── Exceptions.zwc
│   ├── MIME
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── MIME.zwc
│   ├── Misc
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── Misc.zwc
│   ├── Newuser
│   │   └── zsh-newuser-install
│   ├── Newuser.zwc
│   ├── Prompts
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── Prompts.zwc
│   ├── TCP
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── TCP.zwc
│   ├── VCS_Info
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── VCS_Info.zwc
│   ├── Zftp
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── Zftp.zwc
│   ├── Zle
│   │   ├── ...
│   └── Zle.zwc
└── help

---

这是我的 Vagrant 配置脚本

# Install dependencies
add-apt-repository ppa:pi-rho/dev # for latest tmux
apt-get update
apt-get remove vim-tiny -y
apt-get install vim tmux git tree htop reptyr xclip -y

# Install Zsh shell if it's not available
if ! cat /etc/shells | grep zsh; then
  echo "Zsh is not available, so we'll install it now"
  apt-get install zsh -y
fi

# For the Reptyr program to work we need to enable system access
# We do this by changing the ptrace scope from one to zero
sed -i 's/kernel.yama.ptrace_scope = 1/kernel.yama.ptrace_scope = 0/' /etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf

# Because this is a system control daemon, we need to restart the relevant service
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf

# Avoid the shell asking us to authorise the authenticity of github.com
# This happens when doing a git clone for the first time
echo -e "Host github.com\n\tStrictHostKeyChecking no\n" >> ~/.ssh/config

# Install dotfiles...
dotfiles_location=/home/vagrant/dotfiles
git clone https://github.com/Integralist/dotfiles.git $dotfiles_location
cd $dotfiles_location && git fetch && git checkout linux

# Ensure we don't move unnecessary files
shopt -s extglob
mv !(.|..|.git|README.md) ..

# Clean-up
cd ../ && rm -rf dotfiles

# Change to Zsh shell
chsh -s $(which zsh)

# Source the Zsh config file
source .zshrc

Answer 1

chsh 仅更改当前用户的默认/登录 shell，它不会更改当前 shell。

您需要注销并重新登录，或者手动exec zsh 来更改事件/当前 shell。