python - 从源代码安装 Python 3.6.3 后 lsb_release 不工作

Question

平台:ubuntu 17.04 服务器

ubuntu 17.04服务器安装包括python 2.7和python 3.5。我从源代码手动安装了 Python 3.6.3。但是，lsb_release -a 失败了:

root@birds:~# lsb_release -a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/lsb_release", line 25, in <module>
    import lsb_release
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lsb_release'

但是如果我修改文件的第一行 lsb_release from
#!/usr/bin/python3 -Es至#!/usr/bin/python3.5 -Es它再次起作用。

root@birds:~# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:    core-9.20160110ubuntu5-amd64:core-9.20160110ubuntu5-noarch:security-9.20160110ubuntu5-amd64:security-9.20160110ubuntu5-noarch
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 17.04
Release:    17.04
Codename:   zesty

模块搜索路径如下:

python3.5

root@birds:~# python3.5
Python 3.5.3 (default, Sep 14 2017, 22:58:41) 
[GCC 6.3.0 20170406] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys

>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python35.zip', '/usr/lib/python3.5', '/usr/lib/python3.5/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages']

>>> import lsb_release

>>> exit()

python 3

root@birds:~# python3
Python 3.6.3 (default, Oct 14 2017, 20:35:42) 
[GCC 6.3.0 20170406] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys

>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/local/lib/python36.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.6', '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload', '/root/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages', '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages']

>>> import lsb_release
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lsb_release'

>>> exit()

有人知道怎么解决吗？谢谢。

Answer 1

解决方案:

sudo ln -s /usr/share/pyshared/lsb_release.py /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/lsb_release.py

解释:

我们可以在/usr/bin/lsb_release中看到

#!/usr/bin/python3 -Es

# lsb_release command for Debian
# (C) 2005-10 Chris Lawrence <lawrencc@debian.org>
#    This package is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation; version 2 dated June, 1991.
#    This package is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this package; if not, write to the Free Software
#    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
#    02110-1301 USA
from optparse import OptionParser
import sys
import os
import re

import lsb_release

关键步骤是import lsb_release，但问题是Python 3.6没有这个模块。

因此，您必须将 python3 从 python3.5 覆盖到 python3.6。这就是您的 lsb_release 损坏的原因。

验证一下，我们可以在python3.6中看到:

➜  ~ python3.6 
Python 3.6.4 (default, Feb  6 2018, 16:57:12) 
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import lsb_release
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lsb_release'

然后在 python3.5 中:

➜  ~ python3.5
Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01) 
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import lsb_release
>>> lsb_release.__file__
'/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/lsb_release.py'

这个文件在哪里:

➜  ~ ll /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/lsb_release.py
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 38 Jul   7  2016 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/lsb_release.py -> ../../../share/pyshared/lsb_release.py

因此，lsb_release 模块存在于python3.5 中，但不存在于python3.6 中。我们最终找到了它!

现在让我们通过添加到原始 lsb_release.py 文件的链接来修复它!

它对我有用!