c++ - 如何使用 Qt 在 Windows 和 Linux 上捕获 Ctrl+C

Question

我有 Qt 控制台服务器应用程序。我希望有人按 Ctrl+C 正确退出我的服务器(调用析构函数等)。我读过 this ，但是我希望它能在 Linux 和 Windows 上运行。怎么做？

Answer 1

我使用此类来捕获 C++ 控制台应用程序中的信号。然而，它并不特定于 Qt。它在 Windows 平台上使用 SetConsoleCtrlHandler()，在其他平台上使用 提供的功能。棘手的一点是“信号”不是跨平台术语——Windows 和 POSIX 对它们有不同的定义。无论如何，本类(class)试图将它们映射到一个共同的词汇表。 Ctrl^C 在两个平台上都能很好地映射。

我希望这可以适应您的具体情况。请注意，错误检查很少，可能应该改进。

用法(main.cpp)

#include "SignalHandler.h"

class Application : public SignalHandler
{
public:
    Application() : SignalHandler(SignalHandler::SIG_INT), myThread(NULL) {}

    int Application::main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        // Main program instructions here (e.g. start a thread)
        myThread = new Thread(...);
        myThread->start();
        myThread->join();
        delete myThread;
        return 0;
    }

    bool handleSignal(int signal)
    {
        std::cout << "Handling signal " << signal << std::endl;
        if (_myThread && _myThread->isRunning())
        {
            _myThread->stop();
            // The thread is going to stop soon, so don't propagate this signal further
            return true;
        }
        // Let the signal propagate as though we had not been there
        return false;
    }
private:
    Thread* myThread;
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Application app;
    return app.main(argc, argv);
}

信号处理器.h

class SignalHandler 
{
public:
    SignalHandler(int mask = DEFAULT_SIGNALS);
    virtual ~SignalHandler();

    enum SIGNALS
    {
        SIG_UNHANDLED   = 0,    // Physical signal not supported by this class
        SIG_NOOP        = 1,    // The application is requested to do a no-op (only a target that platform-specific signals map to when they can't be raised anyway)
        SIG_INT         = 2,    // Control+C (should terminate but consider that it's a normal way to do so; can delay a bit)
        SIG_TERM        = 4,    // Control+Break (should terminate now without regarding the consquences)
        SIG_CLOSE       = 8,    // Container window closed (should perform normal termination, like Ctrl^C) [Windows only; on Linux it maps to SIG_TERM]
        SIG_RELOAD      = 16,   // Reload the configuration [Linux only, physical signal is SIGHUP; on Windows it maps to SIG_NOOP]
        DEFAULT_SIGNALS = SIG_INT | SIG_TERM | SIG_CLOSE,
    };
    static const int numSignals = 6;

    virtual bool handleSignal(int signal) = 0;

private:
    int _mask;
};

信号处理器.cpp

#include "SignalHandler.h"
#include <assert.h>

#ifndef _WIN32

#include <signal.h>

#else

#include <windows.h>

#endif //!_WIN32

// There can be only ONE SignalHandler per process
SignalHandler* g_handler(NULL);

#ifdef _WIN32

BOOL WINAPI WIN32_handleFunc(DWORD);
int WIN32_physicalToLogical(DWORD);
DWORD WIN32_logicalToPhysical(int);
std::set<int> g_registry;

#else //_WIN32

void POSIX_handleFunc(int);
int POSIX_physicalToLogical(int);
int POSIX_logicalToPhysical(int);

#endif //_WIN32

SignalHandler::SignalHandler(int mask) : _mask(mask)
{
    assert(g_handler == NULL);
    g_handler = this;

#ifdef _WIN32
    SetConsoleCtrlHandler(WIN32_handleFunc, TRUE);
#endif //_WIN32

    for (int i=0;i<numSignals;i++)
    {
        int logical = 0x1 << i;
        if (_mask & logical)
        {
#ifdef _WIN32
            g_registry.insert(logical);
#else
            int sig = POSIX_logicalToPhysical(logical);
            bool failed = signal(sig, POSIX_handleFunc) == SIG_ERR;
            assert(!failed);
            (void)failed; // Silence the warning in non _DEBUG; TODO: something better

#endif //_WIN32
        }
    }

}

SignalHandler::~SignalHandler()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    SetConsoleCtrlHandler(WIN32_handleFunc, FALSE);
#else
    for (int i=0;i<numSignals;i++)
    {
        int logical = 0x1 << i;
        if (_mask & logical)
        {
            signal(POSIX_logicalToPhysical(logical), SIG_DFL);
        }
    }
#endif //_WIN32
}


#ifdef _WIN32
DWORD WIN32_logicalToPhysical(int signal)
{
    switch (signal)
    {
    case SignalHandler::SIG_INT: return CTRL_C_EVENT;
    case SignalHandler::SIG_TERM: return CTRL_BREAK_EVENT;
    case SignalHandler::SIG_CLOSE: return CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT;
    default: 
        return ~(unsigned int)0; // SIG_ERR = -1
    }
}
#else
int POSIX_logicalToPhysical(int signal)
{
    switch (signal)
    {
    case SignalHandler::SIG_INT: return SIGINT;
    case SignalHandler::SIG_TERM: return SIGTERM;
    // In case the client asks for a SIG_CLOSE handler, accept and
    // bind it to a SIGTERM. Anyway the signal will never be raised
    case SignalHandler::SIG_CLOSE: return SIGTERM;
    case SignalHandler::SIG_RELOAD: return SIGHUP;
    default: 
        return -1; // SIG_ERR = -1
    }
}
#endif //_WIN32


#ifdef _WIN32
int WIN32_physicalToLogical(DWORD signal)
{
    switch (signal)
    {
    case CTRL_C_EVENT: return SignalHandler::SIG_INT;
    case CTRL_BREAK_EVENT: return SignalHandler::SIG_TERM;
    case CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT: return SignalHandler::SIG_CLOSE;
    default:
        return SignalHandler::SIG_UNHANDLED;
    }
}
#else
int POSIX_physicalToLogical(int signal)
{
    switch (signal)
    {
    case SIGINT: return SignalHandler::SIG_INT;
    case SIGTERM: return SignalHandler::SIG_TERM;
    case SIGHUP: return SignalHandler::SIG_RELOAD;
    default:
        return SignalHandler::SIG_UNHANDLED;
    }
}
#endif //_WIN32



#ifdef _WIN32
BOOL WINAPI WIN32_handleFunc(DWORD signal)
{
    if (g_handler)
    {
        int signo = WIN32_physicalToLogical(signal);
        // The std::set is thread-safe in const reading access and we never
        // write to it after the program has started so we don't need to 
        // protect this search by a mutex
        std::set<int>::const_iterator found = g_registry.find(signo);
        if (signo != -1 && found != g_registry.end())
        {
            return g_handler->handleSignal(signo) ? TRUE : FALSE;
        }
        else
        {
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
}
#else
void POSIX_handleFunc(int signal)
{
    if (g_handler)
    {
        int signo = POSIX_physicalToLogical(signal);
        g_handler->handleSignal(signo);
    }
}
#endif //_WIN32