android - 在新的 Navigation Drawer Activity 模板中使用 onNavigationItemSelected 在 Fragments 之间切换(Android Studio 1.4 及更高版本)

Question

IntelliJ 对 Android Studio 中的 Navigation Drawer 模板 Activity 进行了更改，减少了 Activity 类中的代码行。新的 Activity 类如下所示:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
    implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
    setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

    FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
    fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                    .setAction("Action", null).show();
        }
    });

    DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
    ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
            this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close);
    drawer.setDrawerListener(toggle);
    toggle.syncState();

    NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
    navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
    if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
        drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
    } else {
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}


@SuppressWarnings("StatementWithEmptyBody")
@Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Handle navigation view item clicks here.
    int id = item.getItemId();

    if (id == R.id.nav_camara) {
        // Handle the camera action
    } else if (id == R.id.nav_gallery) {

    } else if (id == R.id.nav_slideshow) {

    } else if (id == R.id.nav_manage) {

    } else if (id == R.id.nav_share) {

    } else if (id == R.id.nav_send) {

    }

    DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
    drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
    return true;
}
}

这里最显着的变化之一是方法:

onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item)

旧的 Navigation Drawer 模板对此方法的定义是:

onNavigationItemSelected(int position, long itemId)

您可以通过删除内部 PlaceHolderFragment 类来修改旧模板，创建自己的 fragment 和布局并执行以下操作:

Fragment fragment = null;
switch (position) {
    case 0:
        fragment = new FragmentA();
        break;
    case 1:
        fragment = new FragmentB();
        break;
    default:
        break;
}

if (fragment != null) {
    FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
    fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
            .replace(R.id.frame_container, fragment).commit();

}

但这不适用于新模板(至少据我所知不是)。我试过了:

 public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Handle navigation view item clicks here.
    int id = item.getItemId();
    Snackbar snackbar = Snackbar.make(findViewById(android.R.id.content), item.getTitle() + " clicked", Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT);
    Fragment fragment = null;
    switch (id) {
        case R.id.nav_home:
            fragment = HomeFragment.getFragInstance();
            break;

        case R.id.nav_news:

            fragment = NewsFragment.getFragInstance();
            break;


        default:
            break;
    }

    if (fragment != null) {
        FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        transaction.addToBackStack(null);
        transaction.replace(R.id.drawer_layout, fragment);
        transaction.commit();


        DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
        drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);

    }
    return true;
}

但 home 布局的布局也显示在 news 布局中。这可能是因为以下行:

transaction.replace(R.id.drawer_layout, fragment);

fragment 应该在 FrameLayout 中被替换，旧的 Navigation Drawer 布局看起来像这样:

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<!-- Framelayout to display Fragments -->
<FrameLayout
    android:id="@+id/frame_container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" />

<!-- Listview to display slider menu -->


<ListView
    android:id="@+id/list_sliderMenu"
    android:layout_width="240dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="start"
    android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
    android:divider="@color/white"
    android:dividerHeight="1dp"
    android:listSelector="@drawable/list_selector"
    android:background="@color/list_background"/>

但新的看起来像这样:

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout      
   xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
   xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
   android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="match_parent"
   android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
   tools:openDrawer="start">

<include
    layout="@layout/app_bar_base"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" />

<android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
    android:id="@+id/nav_view"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="start"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    app:headerLayout="@layout/nav_header_base"
    app:menu="@menu/activity_base_drawer" />

    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

长话短说，如何修改新模板才能在 fragment 之间切换？

Answer 1

所以，根据@L.L. 的回答，我能够解决这个问题。

首先，将你的 FrameLayout 添加到你的 content_main.xml 文件中:

<FrameLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" android:id="@+id/content_frame"/>

在你的 MainActivity(或任何你用抽屉导航命名的 Activity )定义一个名为 displayView

的方法

 public void displayView(int viewId) {

    Fragment fragment = null;
    String title = getString(R.string.app_name);

    switch (viewId) {
        case R.id.nav_news:
            fragment = new NewsFragment();
            title  = "News";

            break;
        case R.id.nav_events:
            fragment = new EventsFragment();
            title = "Events";
            break;

    }

    if (fragment != null) {
        FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        ft.replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment);
        ft.commit();
    }

    // set the toolbar title
    if (getSupportActionBar() != null) {
        getSupportActionBar().setTitle(title);
    }

    DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
    drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);

}

在 3 个自定义 fragment 之间切换； NewsFragment、EventsFragment 和 GalleryFragment。

在我的菜单activity_main_drawer我已经把内容改成了这样:

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<group android:checkableBehavior="single">
    <item android:id="@+id/nav_news"  
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_news"
        android:title="News" />
    <item android:id="@+id/nav_events" 
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_events"
        android:title="Events" />
    <item android:id="@+id/nav_gallery" 
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_gallery"
        android:title="Gallery" />
  </group>
</menu>

回到 Activity 类，在您的 onNavigationItemSelected 方法中这样做:

@Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    displayView(item.getItemId());
    return true;
}

最后，您的 onCreate 方法中的最后一条语句:

 @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    ....
    ....
    displayView(R.id.nav_news);
}

这是因为我希望我的用户看到的第一个 View 是新闻。将其更改为您选择的任何内容。

处理后按事件:

就目前而言，如果您按下任何 fragment 的后退按钮，应用程序将退出。我希望我的应用程序在用户按下后退按钮时返回新闻 fragment (我的主页 fragment )。所以我这样做了:

声明一个 bool 变量:

private boolean viewIsAtHome;

然后在 displayView() 方法中我这样做了:

 public void displayView(int viewId){
    Fragment fragment = null;
    String title = getString(R.string.app_name);

    switch (viewId) {
        case R.id.nav_news:
            fragment = new NewsFragment();
            title  = getString(R.string.news_title);
            viewIsAtHome = true;

            break;
        case R.id.nav_events:
            fragment = new EventsFragment();
            title = getString(R.string.events_title);
            viewIsAtHome = false;
            break;

        case R.id.nav_gallery:
            fragment = new GalleryFragment();
            title = getString(R.string.gallery_title);
            viewIsAtHome = false;
            break;

最后，删除旧的 onBackPressed 方法，并在 onCreate() 方法之外创建一个类似 的新方法:

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
    if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
        drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
    }
    if (!viewIsAtHome) { //if the current view is not the News fragment
        displayView(R.id.nav_news); //display the News fragment
    } else {
        moveTaskToBack(true);  //If view is in News fragment, exit application
    }
}

为我工作。