php - 预期的异常消息未在 PHP 中显示

Question

我想用 PHP 编写一个具有数据库连接和异常处理的程序。如果我插入不正确的用户名，它应该显示相应的错误消息，如果我插入不正确的数据库，它应该显示相应的错误消息。

但是在下面的程序中，无论我插入了错误的数据库还是错误的用户名，它都只会显示消息“无法连接到数据库”。

<?php
   $hostname = "localhost";
   $username = "root1";
   $password = "";
   $database = "php_thenewboston";
   $conn = mysqli_connect($hostname,$username,$password);
   $conn_db = mysqli_select_db($conn,$database);
   class ServerException extends Exception{}  
   class DatabaseException extends Exception{}
   try{
       if(!$conn){
           throw new ServerException('Could not connect to server.');
       }elseif(!$conn_db){
           throw new DatabaseException('Could not connect to database.');
       }else{
           echo "Connected.";
       }
   }catch(ServerException $ex){
       echo "Error :".$ex->getMessage();        
   }catch(DatabaseException $ex){
       echo "Error :".$ex->getMessage();
   }
?>

我是 PHP 的初学者。如有任何疑问，请在下方评论。

编辑

正如@Hatef 所问以下是用户名错误、密码正确、数据库名正确时$conn的var_dump

object(mysqli)#1 (19) {
  ["affected_rows"]=>
  int(-1)
  ["client_info"]=>
  string(79) "mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: 241ae00989d1995ffcbbf63d579943635faf9972 $"
  ["client_version"]=>
  int(50012)
  ["connect_errno"]=>
  int(0)
  ["connect_error"]=>
  NULL
  ["errno"]=>
  int(1044)
  ["error"]=>
  string(68) "Access denied for user ''@'localhost' to database 'php_thenewboston'"
  ["error_list"]=>
  array(1) {
    [0]=>
    array(3) {
      ["errno"]=>
      int(1044)
      ["sqlstate"]=>
      string(5) "42000"
      ["error"]=>
      string(68) "Access denied for user ''@'localhost' to database 'php_thenewboston'"
    }
  }
  ["field_count"]=>
  int(0)
  ["host_info"]=>
  string(20) "localhost via TCP/IP"
  ["info"]=>
  NULL
  ["insert_id"]=>
  int(0)
  ["server_info"]=>
  string(21) "5.5.5-10.1.16-MariaDB"
  ["server_version"]=>
  int(50505)
  ["stat"]=>
  string(132) "Uptime: 1072  Threads: 1  Questions: 16  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 18  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 11  Queries per second avg: 0.014"
  ["sqlstate"]=>
  string(5) "00000"
  ["protocol_version"]=>
  int(10)
  ["thread_id"]=>
  int(9)
  ["warning_count"]=>
  int(0)
}

下面是用户名正确，密码正确，数据库名错误时$conn的var_dump。

object(mysqli)#1 (19) {
  ["affected_rows"]=>
  int(-1)
  ["client_info"]=>
  string(79) "mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: 241ae00989d1995ffcbbf63d579943635faf9972 $"
  ["client_version"]=>
  int(50012)
  ["connect_errno"]=>
  int(0)
  ["connect_error"]=>
  NULL
  ["errno"]=>
  int(1049)
  ["error"]=>
  string(36) "Unknown database 'php_thenewboston1'"
  ["error_list"]=>
  array(1) {
    [0]=>
    array(3) {
      ["errno"]=>
      int(1049)
      ["sqlstate"]=>
      string(5) "42000"
      ["error"]=>
      string(36) "Unknown database 'php_thenewboston1'"
    }
  }
  ["field_count"]=>
  int(0)
  ["host_info"]=>
  string(20) "localhost via TCP/IP"
  ["info"]=>
  NULL
  ["insert_id"]=>
  int(0)
  ["server_info"]=>
  string(21) "5.5.5-10.1.16-MariaDB"
  ["server_version"]=>
  int(50505)
  ["stat"]=>
  string(132) "Uptime: 1417  Threads: 1  Questions: 18  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 18  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 11  Queries per second avg: 0.012"
  ["sqlstate"]=>
  string(5) "00000"
  ["protocol_version"]=>
  int(10)
  ["thread_id"]=>
  int(10)
  ["warning_count"]=>
  int(0)
}

Answer 1

默认情况下，mysql 会自动抛出异常。要手动抛出异常，您需要在文件顶部编写以下行即使在 mysqli_connect 上，这也会引发异常。所以需要在 try block 中添加 connect 方法。mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);

更新:在你的情况下，不要写上面的行，更改主机名&你会在你的 catch block 中得到服务器错误。