c++ - osx 上的编译错误 "Undefined symbols"

Question

我在 osx 上尝试了一个非常简单的 cpp 程序，只是为了让自己熟悉 osx 平台，所以遇到任何错误消息我都很惊讶。

代码如下:

#include <iostream> 
using namespace std; 
int main() { 
  cout << "Hello, world!" << endl; 
  return 0; 
}

我通过运行编译它

gcc -Wall hello.cpp -o hello

然后我收到“ undefined symbol ”消息:

Undefined symbols:
  "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)", referenced from:
      _main in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::ios_base::Init::Init()", referenced from:
      __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::size() const", referenced from:
      std::__verify_grouping(char const*, unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::operator[](unsigned long) const", referenced from:
      std::__verify_grouping(char const*, unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
      std::__verify_grouping(char const*, unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
      std::__verify_grouping(char const*, unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
  "___gxx_personality_v0", referenced from:
      std::__verify_grouping(char const*, unsigned long, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
      _main in ccA9oElQ.o
      ___tcf_0 in ccA9oElQ.o
      unsigned long const& std::min<unsigned long>(unsigned long const&, unsigned long const&)in ccA9oElQ.o
      __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)in ccA9oElQ.o
      global constructors keyed to mainin ccA9oElQ.o
      CIE in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::ios_base::Init::~Init()", referenced from:
      ___tcf_0 in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)", referenced from:
      _main in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&))", referenced from:
      _main in ccA9oElQ.o
  "std::cout", referenced from:
      _main in ccA9oElQ.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我不知道是否相关:我的 MBP 上同时安装了 xcode 3 和 xcode 4

这是版本信息:

$ gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: i686-apple-darwin10
Configured with: /var/tmp/gcc/gcc-5666.3~6/src/configure --disable-checking --enable-werror --prefix=/usr --mandir=/share/man --enable-languages=c,objc,c++,obj-c++ --program-transform-name=/^[cg][^.-]*$/s/$/-4.2/ --with-slibdir=/usr/lib --build=i686-apple-darwin10 --program-prefix=i686-apple-darwin10- --host=x86_64-apple-darwin10 --target=i686-apple-darwin10 --with-gxx-include-dir=/include/c++/4.2.1
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)

系统信息

$ uname -a
Darwin mbp002.local 10.7.0 Darwin Kernel Version 10.7.0: Sat Jan 29 15:17:16 PST 2011; root:xnu-1504.9.37~1/RELEASE_I386 i386

Answer 1

使用 g++ 而不是 gcc 因为您正在编译 C++ 程序:

g++ -Wall hello.cpp -o hello

或者，使用 clang++，因为 Apple 有一段时间没有更新 GCC，而且他们不太可能更新它:

clang++ -Wall hello.cpp -o hello