c++ - 调试断言失败…_BLOCK_TYPE_IS_VALID(pHead->nBlockUse)

Question

我正在尝试修复一个非常严重的内存泄漏，但不知何故我无法在不触发此断言的情况下删除对象。

我已通过 Google 搜索了解决方案，并已阅读有关此错误的 Stackoverflow 上的问题，但我仍然无法找到答案!

根据我的研究，出现此错误的可能原因:
1. 删除多个对象
2.影子复制
3.创建和删除从外部dll加载的对象
4. 创建对象而不存储指针

但是:
1.我检查了代码，没有找到双重删除
2.我使用拷贝构造函数来拷贝Objects
3. 错误相关类(使用 MS Visual Studio)构建到单独的库而不是 dll。并且与此错误相关的所有类都位于同一个库中。
4.我检查了代码，似乎不是问题

如果有人能够在下面的代码中发现错误，那就太好了，我很感激每一个提示我解决问题的方法。

编辑:
我忘了在 MessageSystem 的 sendThreadMain 中提到同样的删除问题(见下面的代码)。如果我在那里删除消息，它会导致代码中其他地方出现意外错误。可能只是数据传输错误……但我真的不知道。
此代码在 Windows 和 Linux 上运行!

以下是代码中与错误相关的部分:

留言

class Message 
{
public:
    Message (char type, unsigned char id, unsigned short size) 
    {
        mType = type;
        mId = id;
        mSize= size;
    }

    Message(const Message &o)
    {
        mType = o.mType;
        mId = o.mId;
        mSize = o.mSize;
    }

    char getType() const {return mType;};
    unsigned char getId() const {return mId;};
    unsigned short getSize() const {return mSize;};

protected:
    char mType;
    unsigned char mId;
    unsigned short mSize;
};


class JoinMessage : public Message
{
public:
    JoinMessage () : Message ('j', 0, sizeof (JoinMessage))
    {
        team = TEAM_SPECTATOR;
    }
    JoinMessage (unsigned char id) : Message ('j', id, sizeof (JoinMessage)){}
    JoinMessage (const JoinMessage &o) : Message (o)
    {
        team = o.team;
        setName(o.getName());
    }


    void setName(std::string newName)
    {
        if (newName.length() > MAX_PLAYER_NAME_LENGHT)
            newName = newName.substr(0, MAX_PLAYER_NAME_LENGHT);

        memset(name, 0, MAX_PLAYER_NAME_LENGHT);
        for(unsigned int i = 0; i < newName.length(); i++)
            name[i] = newName[i];
    }

    std::string getName() const
    {
        std::string stringToReturn;

        for(unsigned int i = 0; i < MAX_PLAYER_NAME_LENGHT; i++)
        {
            if (name[i])
                stringToReturn.push_back(name[i]);
            else
                break;
        }

        return stringToReturn;
    }

    TeamIdentifier team;

private:
    unsigned char name[MAX_PLAYER_NAME_LENGHT];
};

// there are a lot other messages

消息队列

MessageQueue::~MessageQueue()
{
    boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (queueMutex);

    while(messageQueue.size() > 0)
    {
        // the crash is non-reproducible
        // works 90% of the time
        delete messageQueue.front (); // <- Debug Assertion Failed … _BLOCK_TYPE_IS_VALID
        messageQueue.pop_front();
    }

}

void MessageQueue::enqueMessage (Message* message)
{
    {
        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (queueMutex);
        messageQueue.push_back(message);
    }
}

Message* MessageQueue::dequeMessage ()
{
    boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (queueMutex);
    if (messageQueue.size() == 0) 
        return nullptr;

    Message* message = messageQueue.front ();
    messageQueue.pop_front();

    return message;
}

消息系统

template <class MessageType>
void broadcast (MessageType &message)
{
    MessageType *internMessage = new MessageType(message);

    boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (mRecipientMapMutex);
    std::map <boost::asio::ip::udp::endpoint, MessageQueue *>::iterator it;

    for (it = mRecipientMap.begin ();
        it != mRecipientMap.end ();
        it++)
    {
        it->second->enqueMessage(internMessage);

    }
}


template <class MessageType>
void post (MessageType &message, boost::asio::ip::udp::endpoint &recipient)
{
    MessageType *internMessage = new MessageType(message);

    std::map <boost::asio::ip::udp::endpoint, MessageQueue* >::iterator it;
    MessageQueue *messageQueue = NULL;
    {
        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (mRecipientMapMutex);
        it = mRecipientMap.find (recipient);
        if (it != mRecipientMap.end())
            messageQueue = it->second;

        if(messageQueue)
            messageQueue->enqueMessage (internMessage);
    }

}


void MessageSystem::sendThreadMain ()
{
    // copy endpoints to vecotr so it can be
    // deleted from map while iterating
    std::vector<udp::endpoint> endpoints;
    {
        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (mRecipientMapMutex);
        std::map <udp::endpoint, MessageQueue *>::iterator mapIt = mRecipientMap.begin ();
        while (mapIt != mRecipientMap.end())
        {
            endpoints.push_back(mapIt->first);
            mapIt++;
        }
    }

    std::vector<udp::endpoint>::iterator endpointIt = endpoints.begin();
        while (endpointIt != endpoints.end())
        {
            char sendBuffer[PACKET_SIZE];
            int sendBufferPosition = 0;
            {
                boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (mRecipientMapMutex);

                MessageQueue *messageQueue = mRecipientMap[*endpointIt];
                if (messageQueue == nullptr)
                {
                    mRecipientMap.erase(*endpointIt);
                    endpointIt++;
                    continue;
                }

                while (Message *message = messageQueue->dequeMessage ())
                {
                    if (sendBufferPosition + message->getSize() > PACKET_SIZE) 
                    {
                        // put message back and send it later
                        messageQueue->enqueMessage (message);
                        break;
                    }

                    // copy message into buffer
                    std::memcpy (
                        &sendBuffer [sendBufferPosition], message, message->getSize());

                    sendBufferPosition += message->getSize();
                    // deleting this message causes a crash if 2 or more
                    // recipients are registered within MessageSystem
                    //delete message; <- RANDOM CRASH elsewhere in the program
                }
            }
    .... // more code down here that seems not related to the error

Answer 1

今天我自己想通了。这是问题中提到的 4 种可能性中的第 1 种。

1. 多次删除对象(通过保存指向完全相同对象的多个指针)

这是我在 MessageQueue 中的解决方案:

template <class MessageType>
void broadcast (MessageType &message)
{
    // I was creating 1 new Message right here but I need 1 new Message
    // in EVERY MessageQueue so i moved the next line ...
    // MessageType *internMessage = new MessageType(message);

    boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock (mRecipientMapMutex);
    std::map <boost::asio::ip::udp::endpoint, MessageQueue *>::iterator it;

    for (it = mRecipientMap.begin ();
        it != mRecipientMap.end ();
        it++)
    {
        // ... down here. Now every queue contains its own copy of the Message
        MessageType *internMessage = new MessageType(message);
        it->second->enqueMessage(internMessage);
    }
}