android - 当测试项目在 libs 目录中有 jar 时，无法构建和运行使用 "ant create test-project"创建的 android 测试项目

Question

我有一个构建名为 MyApp 的应用程序的模块。我有另一个为该应用程序构建一些测试用例，称为 MyAppTests。他们都构建了自己的 APK，并且在我的 IDE 中都可以正常工作。我想使用 ant 构建它们，以便我可以利用持续集成。

构建应用程序模块工作正常。我在编译和运行测试模块时遇到了困难。

使用来自 previous question 的 Christopher 的提示，我使用 android create test-project -p MyAppTests -m ../MyApp -n MyAppTests 来创建必要的构建文件来构建和运行我的测试项目。这似乎很好用(一旦我删除了它为我构建的一个不必要的测试用例，并将我的 AndroidManifest.xml 恢复到我在它被 android create 替换之前使用的那个)，但我有两个问题。

第一个问题:项目没有编译，因为它缺少库。

$ ant run-tests
Buildfile: build.xml
    [setup] Project Target: Google APIs
    [setup] Vendor: Google Inc.
    [setup] Platform Version: 1.6
    [setup] API level: 4
    [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions.

-install-tested-project:
    [setup] Project Target: Google APIs
    [setup] Vendor: Google Inc.
    [setup] Platform Version: 1.6
    [setup] API level: 4
    [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions.

-compile-tested-if-test:

-dirs:
     [echo] Creating output directories if needed...

-resource-src:
     [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...

-aidl:
     [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes...

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes

-dex:
     [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex...
     [echo]          

-package-resources:
     [echo] Packaging resources
 [aaptexec] Creating full resource package...

-package-debug-sign:
[apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key...
[apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore

debug:
     [echo] Running zip align on final apk...
     [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk

install:
     [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device...
     [exec] 1567 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.179s)
     [exec]     pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk
     [exec] Success

-compile-tested-if-test:

-dirs:
     [echo] Creating output directories if needed...
    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/gen
    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin
    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes

-resource-src:
     [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...

-aidl:
     [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes...

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:8: package com.google.gson does not exist
    [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
    [javac]                       ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:9: package com.google.gson does not exist
    [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
    [javac]                       ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:11: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase
    [javac] public class GsonTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> {
    [javac]                               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:6: package roboguice.test does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:7: package roboguice.util does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:11: package com.google.gson does not exist
    [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
    [javac]                       ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:15: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase
    [javac] public class HttpTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> {
    [javac]                               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:12: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase
    [javac] public class LinksTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> {
    [javac]                                ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:5: package roboguice.util does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboAsyncTask;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:6: package roboguice.util does not exist
    [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread;
    [javac]                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:12: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase
    [javac] public class SafeAsyncTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> {
    [javac]                                    ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectResource not found
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource'
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectView not found
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView'
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView'
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView'
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonParser
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest
    [javac]         final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
    [javac]               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonParser
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest
    [javac]         final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
    [javac]                                       ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:18: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonElement
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest
    [javac]         final JsonElement e = parser.parse(s);
    [javac]               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:20: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonElement
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest
    [javac]         final JsonElement e2 = parser.parse(s2);
    [javac]               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:19: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method getInstrumentation()
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getResources().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name));
    [javac]                              ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:62: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:82: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertTrue(java.lang.String,boolean)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         assertTrue(result[0], result[0].contains("Search"));
    [javac]         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:87: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonObject
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         final JsonObject[] result = {null};
    [javac]               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:90: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:117: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class JsonObject
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         final JsonObject[] result = {null};
    [javac]               ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:120: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:27: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertTrue(boolean)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest
    [javac]             assertTrue(m.matches());
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:28: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertEquals(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest
    [javac]             assertEquals( map.get(url), m.group(1) );
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:19: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method getInstrumentation()
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name));
    [javac]                              ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:27: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:65: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]);
    [javac]         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:74: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:105: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]);
    [javac]         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:113: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:144: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]);
    [javac]         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:154: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class RoboLooperThread
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         new RoboLooperThread() {
    [javac]             ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:187: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State)
    [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest
    [javac]         assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]);
    [javac]         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:11: cannot access roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity
    [javac] class file for roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity not found
    [javac] public class StoriesTest extends ActivityUnitTestCase<Stories> {
    [javac]                                                      ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:21: cannot access roboguice.application.GuiceApplication
    [javac] class file for roboguice.application.GuiceApplication not found
    [javac]         setApplication( new MyApplication( getInstrumentation().getTargetContext() ) );
    [javac]                         ^
    [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:22: incompatible types
    [javac] found   : com.myapp.activity.Stories
    [javac] required: android.app.Activity
    [javac]         final Activity activity = startActivity(intent, null, null);
    [javac]                                                ^
    [javac] 39 errors
    [javac] 6 warnings

BUILD FAILED
/opt/local/android-sdk-mac/platforms/android-1.6/templates/android_rules.xml:248: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for details.

Total time: 24 seconds

这不是一个很难解决的问题。我不确定这样做是否正确，但我将缺少的库(roboguice 和 gson)从 MyApp/libs 目录复制到 MyAppTests/libs 目录，一切似乎都可以正常编译。

但这导致了第二个问题，我目前还停留在这个问题上。测试编译得很好，但它们不会运行:

$ cp ../MyApp/libs/gson-r538.jar libs/

$ cp ../MyApp/libs/roboguice-1.1-SNAPSHOT.jar libs/

0 10:23 /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests $ ant run-testsBuildfile: build.xml
    [setup] Project Target: Google APIs
    [setup] Vendor: Google Inc.
    [setup] Platform Version: 1.6
    [setup] API level: 4
    [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions.

-install-tested-project:
    [setup] Project Target: Google APIs
    [setup] Vendor: Google Inc.
    [setup] Platform Version: 1.6
    [setup] API level: 4
    [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions.

-compile-tested-if-test:

-dirs:
     [echo] Creating output directories if needed...

-resource-src:
     [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...

-aidl:
     [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes...

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes

-dex:
     [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex...
     [echo]          

-package-resources:
     [echo] Packaging resources
 [aaptexec] Creating full resource package...

-package-debug-sign:
[apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key...
[apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore

debug:
     [echo] Running zip align on final apk...
     [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk

install:
     [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device...
     [exec] 1396 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.201s)
     [exec]     pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk
     [exec] Success

-compile-tested-if-test:

-dirs:
     [echo] Creating output directories if needed...

-resource-src:
     [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...

-aidl:
     [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes...

compile:
    [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes
    [javac] Note: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
    [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.

-dex:
     [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes.dex...
     [echo]          

-package-resources:
     [echo] Packaging resources
 [aaptexec] Creating full resource package...

-package-debug-sign:
[apkbuilder] Creating MyAppTests-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key...
[apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore

debug:
     [echo] Running zip align on final apk...
     [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk

install:
     [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk onto default emulator or device...
     [exec] 1227 KB/s (94595 bytes in 0.075s)
     [exec]     pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyAppTests-debug.apk
     [exec] Success

run-tests:
     [echo] Running tests ...
     [exec] 
     [exec] android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder$FailedToCreateTests:INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: shortMsg=Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation
     [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: longMsg=java.lang.IllegalAccessError: Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation
     [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_CODE: 0

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 38 seconds

知道是什么导致了“预验证类中的类引用解析为意外实现”错误吗？

Answer 1

如果您使用 Eclipse，更简单的方法是不在测试项目中包含您的外部库，而是将其导出到 Eclipse 项目设置中。这将解决问题

前段时间，我写了一篇博文解释了这一点: http://juristr.com/blog/2010/06/android-instrumentation-test/