python - 如何在 Django 测试期间使用 managed = False 创建表

Question

我有一个 managed = False 的模型。

class SampleModel(models.Model):
    apple = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    orange = models.CharField(max_length=30)

    class Meta:
        managed = False

我有一个创建 SampleModel 的单元测试，但是当我运行测试时，我得到:

DatabaseError: no such table: SAMPLE_SAMPLE_MODEL

django 文档 - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/options/#managed记录以下内容:

For tests involving models with managed=False, it's up to you to ensure the correct tables are created as part of the test setup.

如何在测试设置期间实际“创建”表？或者，我怎样才能使它在我运行测试时，这个模型在测试期间具有“managed = True”？

在实际应用中，这个模型实际上是由数据库中的一个 View 支持的。但是在测试期间，我想把它当作一个表格，并能够在其中插入测试数据。

Answer 1

您可以使用 SchemaEditor在 TestCase.setUp使用 managed = False 显式创建模型的方法。

# models.py

from django.db import models


class Unmanaged(models.Model):
    foo = models.TextField()

    class Meta:
        # This model is not managed by Django
        managed = False
        db_table = 'unmanaged_table'

在你的测试中:

# tests.py

from django.db import connection
from django.test import TestCase

from myapp.models import Unmanaged


class ModelsTestCase(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super().setUp()

        with connection.schema_editor() as schema_editor:
            schema_editor.create_model(Unmanaged)

            if (
                Unmanaged._meta.db_table
                not in connection.introspection.table_names()
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    "Table `{table_name}` is missing in test database.".format(
                        table_name=Unmanaged._meta.db_table
                    )
                )

    def tearDown(self):
        super().tearDown()

        with connection.schema_editor() as schema_editor:
            schema_editor.delete_model(Unmanaged)

    def test_unmanaged_model(self):
        with self.assertNumQueries(num=3):
            self.assertEqual(0, Unmanaged.objects.all().count())
            Unmanaged.objects.create()
            self.assertEqual(1, Unmanaged.objects.all().count())