python - 获取类型错误 : __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete' when trying to add parent table after child table with entries

Question

我的 sqlite 数据库中有两个类，一个名为 Categorie 的父表和名为 Article 的子表.我首先创建了子表类并添加了条目。所以首先我有这个:

class Article(models.Model):
    titre=models.CharField(max_length=100)
    auteur=models.CharField(max_length=42)
    contenu=models.TextField(null=True)
    date=models.DateTimeField(
        auto_now_add=True,
        auto_now=False,
        verbose_name="Date de parution"
    )

    def __str__(self):
        return self.titre

在我添加了父表之后，现在我的 models.py看起来像这样:

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Categorie(models.Model):
    nom = models.CharField(max_length=30)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.nom


class Article(models.Model):
    titre=models.CharField(max_length=100)
    auteur=models.CharField(max_length=42)
    contenu=models.TextField(null=True)
    date=models.DateTimeField(
        auto_now_add=True,
        auto_now=False,
        verbose_name="Date de parution"
    )
    categorie = models.ForeignKey('Categorie')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.titre

所以当我运行 python manage.py makemigrations <my_app_name> ，我得到这个错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\django-2.0-py3.5.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 354, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\django-2.0-py3.5.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 330, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\django-2.0-py3.5.egg\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\django-2.0-py3.5.egg\django\apps\registry.py", line 112, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\django-2.0-py3.5.egg\django\apps\config.py", line 198, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "C:\Users\lislis\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 665, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Users\lislis\Django\mon_site\blog\models.py", line 6, in <module>
    class Article(models.Model):
  File "C:\Users\lislis\Django\mon_site\blog\models.py", line 16, in Article
    categorie = models.ForeignKey('Categorie')
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'

我在stackoverflow中看到了一些类似的问题，但似乎不是同一个问题:__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'quantity'

Answer 1

你可以像这样改变Article类的categorie属性:

categorie = models.ForeignKey(
    'Categorie',
    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
)

错误应该会消失。

最终，您可能需要 on_delete 的另一个选项，查看文档了解更多详细信息:

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ForeignKey

编辑:

正如您在评论中所说，您对 on_delete 没有任何特殊要求，您可以使用选项 DO_NOTHING:

# ...
on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING,
# ...